Listing of Contents to TAP Magazine Online #1



Tap 1.01 Intro to Tap Online

Tap 1.02 Subscription to Tap Magazine Information

Tap 1.03 Department of Defense Network

Tap 1.04 TAC Access Control System by Argonaut

Tap 1.05 Department of Defense Host Listing

Tap 1.06 Letters to Tap Magazine

Tap 1.07 Hacking Answering Machines by Predat0r

Tap 1.08 NASA Space Shuttle Press Kit

Tap 1.09 Ringback in the 502 NPA by Predat0r

Tap 1.10 Tymcard Challenge by Techno-Cowboy

Tap 1.11 Abbreviation List by Predat0r

Tap 1.12 California Bbs Listing

Tap 1.13 Nynex by Nightcrawler

Tap 1.14 Red Phone Bbs Buffer

Tap 1.15 Guide to school lockers by Cablecast Operator & Silver Sphere

Tap 1.16 How to contact TAP via the WWIVnet with Wwivnet listing







Welcome to the first issue of TAP Magazine Online. Publishing an electronic

newsletter is somewhat easier then the hardcopy TAP, but i think i can

continue to do this with some regularity, while still publishing TAP Magazine.

It feels i am jumping on the band wagon since now days it seems everyone

is publishing their own newsletter just to be famous or well known. I salute

the true pioneers who have stuck it out and to those who have been inspirations

to us all. The freedom of information shall never die as long as a few

dedicated people continue to fight for our given rights.



I have no set format yet, and don't plan on making anything fancy. I have just

collected a few text files and thrown them together for those out there to

read. If you want to get something included in TAP you can send it to me.



If you want to get TAP Online issues first call the following boards.



Blitzkrieg 502-499-8933 home to TAP and myself.

Amerika's Most Wanted Bbs 502-491-2749

Hall of Injustice 502-241-9304



All these systems have been up for at least six months and are 24 hours.

I would like to have other boards in different area codes distribute for

me also, so if you want to do this contact me.



I would now like to greet my fellow friends whom i have met in the computer

underground. If i leave anyone out i am sorry.



The Last Mafioso & The West Coast Phone Phreaks of Anarchist Express.

Where the hell did you all disappear to?

Iron Feather Journal, Phantasy, Phrack, Computer Underground Digest,

Activist Times Inc and Ground Zero & TCC Crew, Network Information Access,

and any other group which sends their files to my bbs regularly.



Greets goto Aristotle who helped restart TAP then decided he wanted out. So

now what are you going to do write for 2600? I hope not, sellout!





and now sit back and enjoy the show.....



Predat0r / Editor & Publisher of TAP Magazine.



Subscription Information

============ ===========



$10.00 for 10 issues USA rate.

$15.00 for 10 issues in Canada.

$20.00 for 10 issues Overseas.



TAP Magazine will take CASH, Money Orders, Checks, or Postal Money Orders.



Send to the following:



TAP Magazine

Post Office Box 20264

Louisville, Kentucky 40250-0264









Predat0r / Editor & Publisher of TAP Magazine.



Subscription Information

============ ===========



$10.00 for 10 issues USA rate.

$15.00 for 10 issues in Canada.

$20.00 for 10 issues Overseas.



TAP Magazine will take CASH, Money Orders, Checks, or Postal Money Orders.



Send to the following:



TAP Magazine

Post Office Box 20264

Louisville, Kentucky 40250-0264







Greetings fellow CyberNauts:



This gem was downloaded from the DDN on the InterNet. It is a good

guide for learning to hack the Net. If you like what you see leave

note for Argonaut at Rivendell BBS (816) 563-4845. This is my Home

of Port and a small but growing hack/phreak node.



                            The Argonaut





===========================================================================



            FEATURES OF THE TAC ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM (TACACS)



To log in to the network via a MILNET TAC, you MUST have a unique ID

and Access Code (TAC Access Card).  These cards are issued by the DDN

Network Information Center (NIC) only after a user has been authorized

by the Host Administrator of the host on which the user has his

primary mailbox or account.



IF YOU HAVE NOT RECEIVED YOUR TAC ACCESS CARD, AND HAVE A LEGITIMATE

REQUIREMENT TO ACCESS THE NETWORK VIA A MILNET TAC, CONTACT YOUR HOST

ADMINISTRATOR!  (DO NOT CONTACT THE NIC FOR AUTHORIZATION).



If you do not know who your Host Administrator is, you may find out by

using the "WHOIS" command on the NIC.DDN.MIL host.  Instructions on

using "WHOIS" are as follows: When you finish reading this message,

type "quit" as instructed.  After the connection to NIC.DDN.MIL is closed,

type "@n" again.  You will be told how to find your Host Administrator.

When finished, type "logout<RETURN>" at the prompt and you will be

returned to the TAC.



----------------------------------------------------------------------



TACACS, the access control system for MILNET TACs, requires you to log

in before a connection to a host may be completed.  The login process

is automatically started with the first @open (@o) command you issue.

There is a @close (@c) command to close the TAC connection and also a

@logout (@l) command to logout.  Otherwise, the functioning of the TAC

is essentially unaffected by the access control system.



Here is a sample of the login dialogue:





First, the command to get the TAC's attention is Control-Q.



(a) PVC-TAC 111 #: 01                This is the last line of the TAC

                                     herald, which the TAC uses to

                                     identify itself.  When you see the

                                     herald, the TAC is ready for your

                                     command.



(b) @o 26.2.0.8<RETURN>              The user inputs the command to

    -------------------              open a connection plus the

                                     internet address of the host to

                                     which he wishes to connect,

                                     followed by a Carriage Return.



(c) TAC Userid: SAMPLE.LOGIN<RETURN> Here the TAC prompts the user for

                -------------------- his Userid.  The user enters his

                                     ID exactly as shown as shown on

                                     his TAC Access Card, followed by

                                     a Carriage Return.



(d) Access Code: 22bgx4467<RETURN>   Again the TAC prompts the user,

                 -----------------   who responds by entering his

                                     Access Code as shown on his TAC

                                     Access Card, followed by a

                                     Carriage Return.



(e) Login OK                         The TAC validates the ID/Access

    TCP trying...Open                code and proceeds to open the

                                     requested connection.



HELPFUL INFORMATION:

When entering your TAC Userid and Access Code:



- A carriage return terminates each input line and causes the next

  prompt to appear.



- As you type in your TAC Userid and Access Code, it does not matter

  whether you enter an alphabetic character in upper or lower case.

  All lower case alphabetic characters echo as upper case for the

  Userid.



- The Access Code is not echoed in full-duplex mode.  An effort is

  made to obscure the Access Code printed on hardcopy terminals in

  half-duplex mode.



- You may edit what you type in by using the backspace (Control-H)

  key to delete a single character.



- You may delete the entire line and restart by typing Control-U.

  A new prompt will appear.



- While entering either the TAC Userid or Access Code, you may type

  Control-C to abort the login process and return to the TAC command

  mode. You must interrupt or complete the login process in order to

  issue any TAC command.



- The @reset (@r) command resets the TAC and returns you to the TAC

  welcome banner.



IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM WITH TAC LOGIN:



Should the login sequence fail (as indicated by the response "Bad

login"), examine your Access Card carefully to ensure that you are

entering the ID and Access Code correctly.  Note that Access Codes

never contain a zero, a one, a "Q" or a "Z", as each of these

characters may be mistaken for another character.  If you see what

appears to be one of these characters in your access code, it is

really the letter "O" (oh), or "G" (gee), the letter "L" (el), or the

number "2" (two).



If you have followed all of the above steps as indicated, and if you

are sure you are entering your ID and Access Code correctly, and you

still cannot log in, call the Network Information Center at (415)

859-3695 or (800) 235-3155 for help.



AFTER LOGGING IN:



Your TAC port will remain logged in as long as you have an open

connection.  If you close the connection, you will have ten minutes in

which to reopen a connection without having to log in again.  If you do

not reopen a connection within ten minutes, the TAC will attempt to

hang up your port, and will automatically log you out.



WHEN YOU ARE FINISHED:



Always close the connection using "@c" then log out using the "@l" command.

Typing "@r" (reset) has no effect on your logged-in status.



If you now wish to log in to the TAC, leave the TACNEWS program by

typing "quit" at the next prompt.  This will return you to the TAC,

and you may then begin the login sequence with the @o command to the

TAC.







Another InterNet gem from the treasure chest of the Argonaut



                For more InterNet info call:

                RIVENDELL BBS: (816) 563-4845













# DoD Internet Host Table



InterNet

node address



6.1.0.1         yuma-emh1.army.mil yuma.arpa yuma1.army.mil

7.8.0.2         protolaba.dca.mil protolaba.arpa

7.0.0.3         edn-vax.dca.mil edn-vax.arpa

8.0.0.2         ccs.bbn.com

8.1.0.2         cci.bbn.com bbncci.arpa

8.3.0.2         ccd.bbn.com bbnccd.arpa

8.5.0.2         cck.bbn.com

8.0.0.5         cd2.bbn.com

8.2.0.5         cc1-tac.bbn.com

8.3.0.9         bbnnet2-arpanet-gw.arpa bbnnet2-arpanet-gw.bbn.com

8.7.0.9         egonoc.bbn.com

8.0.0.10        cc4-tac.bbn.com

8.3.0.10        jsnach.bbn.com jsnach.arpa

8.1.0.12        noc3.bbn.com

8.5.0.14        dev.cs.net

128.89.0.94     dev.cs.net

8.1.0.16        rvax.bbn.com

128.89.0.132    rvax.bbn.com

8.1.0.18        cc2.bbn.com

8.7.0.18        cca.bbn.com bbncca.arpa

8.6.0.19        cc3-tac.bbn.com

8.9.0.19        ccny.bbn.com

8.2.0.24        ccu.bbn.com bbnccu.arpa

8.3.0.24        cco.bbn.com

8.0.0.26        ccp.bbn.com

8.1.0.26        ccq.bbn.com bbnccq.arpa

8.3.0.26        hnoc.bbn.com

8.5.0.26        z.bbn.com bbnz.arpa

8.7.0.26        ccx.bbn.com bbnccx.arpa

8.8.0.26        ccy.bbn.com bbnccy.arpa

8.16.0.33       cce.bbn.com bbncce.arpa

8.1.0.35        col.bbn.com bbncc-columbia.arpa

8.2.0.37        cc-vm.bbn.com

8.0.0.58        idnoc.bbn.com

8.0.0.97        noc4.bbn.com

10.4.0.5        gw-1.cs.net

192.31.103.1    gw-1.cs.net

192.5.58.1      gw-1.cs.net

10.7.0.5        lpr-netman.arpa lpr-netman.bbn.com

10.2.0.7        rand-arpa-tac.arpa

10.2.0.11       su-arpa-tac.arpa

10.3.1.11       stanford.arpa

10.5.0.14       white.incsys.com incremental.arpa

192.31.230.1    white.incsys.com incremental.arpa

10.6.0.14       cadre.dsl.pitt.edu cadre.arpa cadre.dsl.pittsburgh.edu

128.147.128.1   cadre.dsl.pitt.edu cadre.arpa cadre.dsl.pittsburgh.edu

128.147.1.1     cadre.dsl.pitt.edu cadre.arpa cadre.dsl.pittsburgh.edu

130.49.128.1    cadre.dsl.pitt.edu cadre.arpa cadre.dsl.pittsburgh.edu

10.8.0.14       gateway.sei.cmu.edu

128.237.254.254 gateway.sei.cmu.edu

128.2.237.251   gateway.sei.cmu.edu

10.4.0.17       tis.com tis.arpa

10.2.0.20       dcec-arpa-tac.arpa

10.3.0.20       edn-unix.dca.mil edn-unix.arpa

10.5.0.20       dcec-psat.arpa

10.11.0.20      sccgate.scc.com sccgate.arpa

10.1.21.27      mcon.isi.edu

10.0.21.22      mcon.isi.edu

10.1.22.27      speech11.isi.edu

10.1.23.27      wbc11.isi.edu isi-wbc11.arpa

10.0.23.22      wbc11.isi.edu isi-wbc11.arpa

10.1.89.27      setting.isi.edu isi-setting.arpa

10.1.91.27      pallas-athene.isi.edu isi-pallas-athene.arpa

10.1.97.27      aikane.isi.edu isi-aikane.arpa

10.1.98.27      czar.isi.edu isi-czar.arpa

10.1.99.27      mycroft.isi.edu isi-mycroftxxx.arpa

10.1.124.27     cmr.isi.edu isi-cmr.arpa

10.1.156.27     png11.isi.edu

10.1.254.27     echo.isi.edu isi-echo.arpa

10.0.0.28       arpa3-tac.arpa

10.1.0.31       amc.xait.xerox.com cca-vms.arpa

10.4.0.31       xait-arp-tac.arpa cca-arp-tac.arpa

10.0.0.46       collins-pr.arpa

10.1.0.46       collins-gw.arpa

192.12.172.11   collins-gw.arpa

10.7.0.51       a-lhi-sri-03.arpa

10.3.1.54       jpl-robotics.arpa

10.1.0.63       bbn-arpa-tac.arpa

10.2.0.77       mit-arpa-tac.arpa

10.3.0.77       umass-gw.cs.umass.edu unix1.cs.umass.edu

128.119.40.12   umass-gw.cs.umass.edu unix1.cs.umass.edu

10.0.0.82       tacac.arpa

10.1.0.82       a-lhi-bbn-01.arpa

10.5.0.82       arpa-mc.arpa arpanet-mc.arpa

10.5.0.96       prc-gw.prc.unisys.com

10.2.0.99       vax-x25.arpa

10.3.0.99       bbn-x25-test3.arpa

10.4.0.99       bbn-x25-test4.arpa

10.5.0.99       test-host5-x25.arpa

10.0.0.115      anoc1.arpa

10.0.0.126      tycho.ncsc.mil tycho.arpa

10.1.0.126      afterlife.ncsc.mil afterlife.arpa

13.2.16.8       parcvax.xerox.com vaxc.xerox.com

13.1.100.206    arisia.xerox.com

13.0.12.232     xerox.com xerox.arpa

14.0.0.4        vtest.cs.ucl.ac.uk ucl-vtest.arpa

14.0.0.5        ess-tun.cs.ucl.ac.uk

14.0.0.9        tunnel.cs.ucl.ac.uk

15.255.152.2    sde.hp.com

15.255.16.7     hplabs.hp.com hplabs.arpa

16.1.0.1        decwrl.dec.com wrl.dec.com

16.10.0.1       vixie.sf.ca.us

16.1.0.2        gatekeeper.dec.com

16.1.0.3        cerberus.pa.dec.com

16.1.0.8        src.dec.com decsrc.dec.com

16.1.0.9        wsl.dec.com

18.72.2.1       mit.edu

18.77.0.2       mitlns.mit.edu

18.85.0.2       media-lab.media.mit.edu

18.87.0.2       euler.mit.edu

18.92.0.2       coventry.mit.edu

18.72.0.3       bitsy.mit.edu

18.79.0.3       lids.mit.edu

18.85.0.3       atrp.media.mit.edu

18.87.0.3       cauchy.mit.edu

18.92.0.3       mitvma.mit.edu

18.71.0.4       orpheus.mit.edu

18.86.0.4       xv.mit.edu

18.87.0.4       abel.mit.edu

18.79.0.5       lmpvax.mit.edu

18.86.0.5       dolphin.mit.edu

18.87.0.5       stokes.mit.edu

18.10.0.6       sludge.lcs.mit.edu mit-sludge.arpa

18.26.0.134     sludge.lcs.mit.edu mit-sludge.arpa

128.127.25.101  sludge.lcs.mit.edu mit-sludge.arpa

18.62.0.6       eddie.mit.edu mit-eddie.mit.edu

18.72.0.6       priam.mit.edu

18.85.0.6       ems.media.mit.edu

18.86.0.6       sloan.mit.edu

18.87.0.6       banach.mit.edu

18.71.0.7       jason.mit.edu

18.87.0.7       fermat.mit.edu

18.72.0.8       achilles.mit.edu

18.87.0.8       bourbaki.mit.edu math.mit.edu

18.10.0.9       gross.ai.mit.edu mit-gross.arpa

128.52.22.9     gross.ai.mit.edu mit-gross.arpa

128.52.14.1     gross.ai.mit.edu mit-gross.arpa

128.52.32.1     gross.ai.mit.edu mit-gross.arpa

18.87.0.9       archimedes.mit.edu

18.75.0.10      space.mit.edu

18.87.0.10      fourier.mit.edu

18.87.0.11      newton.mit.edu

18.71.0.12      paris.mit.edu

18.87.0.12      noether.mit.edu

18.80.0.13      charon.mit.edu

18.87.0.13      zermelo.mit.edu

18.72.1.14      eagle.mit.edu

18.80.0.14      prometheus.mit.edu

18.87.0.14      borel.mit.edu

18.87.0.15      poisson.mit.edu

18.87.0.16      schubert.mit.edu

18.62.0.17      dspvax.mit.edu mit-bugs-bunny.arpa

18.80.0.17      bloom-beacon.mit.edu

18.87.0.17      boole.mit.edu

18.27.0.18      fft.mit.edu

18.87.0.18      galois.mit.edu

18.27.0.19      dft.mit.edu

18.87.0.19      laplace.mit.edu

18.27.0.20      porky.mit.edu

18.87.0.20      ramanujan.mit.edu

18.92.0.20      po.mit.edu

18.27.0.21      sam.mit.edu

18.87.0.21      turing.mit.edu

18.87.0.22      russell.mit.edu

18.87.0.23      hypatia.mit.edu emma.mit.edu

18.87.0.24      laurent.mit.edu

18.87.0.25      bessel.mit.edu

18.87.0.26      cantor.mit.edu

18.87.0.27      fibonacci.mit.edu

18.87.0.28      lebesgue.mit.edu

18.87.0.29      pythagoras.mit.edu

18.85.0.30      hq.media.mit.edu

18.87.0.30      von-neumann.mit.edu

18.87.0.31      polya.mit.edu

18.87.0.32      pascal.mit.edu

18.87.0.33      euclid.mit.edu

18.87.0.34      bernoulli.mit.edu

18.30.0.35      cls.lcs.mit.edu mit-cls.arpa

18.87.0.35      hausdorff.mit.edu

18.26.0.36      xx.lcs.mit.edu lcs.mit.edu mit-xx.arpa

18.87.0.36      dedekind.mit.edu

18.87.0.37      jacobi.mit.edu

18.71.0.38      prep.ai.mit.edu

18.87.0.38      hermite.mit.edu

18.72.0.39      athena.mit.edu mit-athena.arpa

18.87.0.39      tarski.mit.edu

18.87.0.40      markov.mit.edu

18.87.0.41      godel.mit.edu goedel.mit.edu

18.88.0.55      cogito.mit.edu

18.27.0.56      goldilocks.lcs.mit.edu mit-goldilocks.arpa

18.10.0.71      pm-prj.lcs.mit.edu mit-prj.arpa

18.26.0.80      melange.lcs.mit.edu grape-nehi.lcs.mit.edu

18.88.0.80      hstbme.mit.edu

18.88.0.82      infoods.mit.edu

18.88.0.85      psyche.mit.edu

18.52.0.92      theory.lcs.mit.edu mit-theory.arpa

18.88.0.92      erl.mit.edu

18.26.0.94      thyme.lcs.mit.edu jhereg.lcs.mit.edu toadkiller-dog.lcs.mit.edu

18.26.0.95      larch.lcs.mit.edu mit-larch.arpa

18.26.0.98      rinso.lcs.mit.edu mit-rinso.arpa

18.26.0.106     tide.lcs.mit.edu mit-tide.arpa mit-tide tide

18.26.0.107     dash.lcs.mit.edu mit-dash.arpa mit-dash dash

18.26.0.114     hq.lcs.mit.edu

18.82.0.114     mgm.mit.edu

18.26.0.115     allspice.lcs.mit.edu ptt.lcs.mit.edu

18.26.0.121     lithium.lcs.mit.edu

18.72.0.122     ra.mit.edu

18.72.0.142     arktouros.mit.edu

18.71.0.151     mit-strawb.arpa strawb.mit.edu

18.70.0.160     w20ns.mit.edu

18.26.0.176     zurich.ai.mit.edu

18.80.0.181     osborn.mit.edu

18.80.0.191     delphi.mit.edu

18.30.0.192     vx.lcs.mit.edu mit-vax.arpa mit-vx.arpa mit-vax.lcs.mit.edu

18.10.0.195     big-blue.lcs.mit.edu mit-big-blue.arpa

18.48.0.195     live-oak.lcs.mit.edu oak.lcs.mit.edu

18.72.0.205     garp.mit.edu

18.30.0.206     zermatt.lcs.mit.edu

18.30.0.212     expo.lcs.mit.edu

18.48.0.216     wild-blue-yonder.lcs.mit.edu wild-blue.lcs.mit.edu

18.86.0.216     diamond.mit.edu

18.62.0.232     caf.mit.edu mit-caf.arpa

26.1.0.1        oberursel.mt.ddn.mil oberursel-mil-tac.arpa

26.3.0.1        rhe-eds.af.mil rhe-eds.arpa

26.5.0.1        obl-ignet.army.mil obe-ignet.arpa

26.6.0.1        pcc-obersl.army.mil

26.7.0.1        oberursel-emh1.army.mil email-oberursl.army.mil

26.0.0.2        emmc.dca.mil eur-milnet-mc.arpa

26.1.0.2        patch.mt.ddn.mil minet-vhn-mil-tac.arpa

26.3.0.2        eur.dca.mil dca-eur.arpa dca-eur.dca.mil

26.4.0.2        moehringen-emh1.army.mil

26.5.0.2        moehringen-ignet.army.mil igmirs-moehringer.arpa

26.6.0.2        patch.dca.mil patch.arpa

26.8.0.2        goeppingen-emh1.army.mil email-goeppngn.army.mil

26.9.0.2        nellingen-emh1.army.mil email-nellingn.army.mil

26.10.0.2       pcc-moeh.arpa moeh-pcc.army.mil

26.11.0.2       pcc-nell.arpa nel-pcc.army.mil

26.12.0.2       pcc-boeb.arpa bbl-pcc.army.mil

26.13.0.2       pcc-vaih.arpa vhn-pcc.army.mil

26.14.0.2       patch2.mt.ddn.mil vaihingen2-mil-tac.arpa

26.15.0.2       frg.bbn.com bbncc-eur.arpa

26.16.0.2       erf-boe.arpa bbl-erf.army.mil

26.0.0.3        sandiego.mt.ddn.mil sandiego-tac.arpa

26.1.0.3        trout.nosc.mil nosc.mil trout.nosc.navy.mil

128.49.16.7     trout.nosc.mil nosc.mil trout.nosc.navy.mil

26.2.0.3        logicon.arpa

26.3.0.3        nprdc.navy.mil nprdc.arpa nprdc.mil

192.5.65.1      nprdc.navy.mil nprdc.arpa nprdc.mil

26.4.0.3        mcdn-cpt.arpa

26.5.0.3        sdcsvax.ucsd.edu

128.54.20.1     sdcsvax.ucsd.edu

26.6.0.3        navelex.arpa

26.7.0.3        navelexnet-sd.arpa

26.8.0.3        sds-sandgoa.arpa sds-sandgoa.navy.mil

26.9.0.3        mirnas.arpa

26.11.0.3       navmeducapendleton.arpa

26.12.0.3       sssd.arpa

26.13.0.3       navmeducasandiego.arpa

26.14.0.3       sandiego-httds.arpa

26.15.0.3       scubed.com scubed.arpa scubed.scubed.com

192.31.63.10    scubed.com scubed.arpa scubed.scubed.com

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26.14.0.69      euraaa.army.mil

26.0.0.70       cmsc.dca.mil cmsc.arpa

26.3.0.70       dcaoc2.mt.ddn.mil dcaoc2-mil-tac.arpa

26.6.0.70       washngtn-meprs.army.mil

26.7.0.70       anacostia-onet.navy.mil

26.8.0.70       navyyard-onet.navy.mil

26.19.0.70      ddntrouble.dca.mil ddntrouble.arpa

26.0.0.71       okc-unix.arpa

26.1.0.71       ftsill-ignet.army.mil sill-ignet.army.mil igmirs-sill-ig.arpa

26.2.0.71       tinker.mt.ddn.mil tinker-mil-tac.arpa

26.3.0.71       satods.arpa

26.4.0.71       tinkermdss.af.mil tinkermdss.arpa

26.6.0.71       ccso-vax.af.mil ccso-vax.arpa

131.18.3.1      ccso-vax.af.mil ccso-vax.arpa

26.10.0.71      oc1.af.mil oc1.arpa

26.12.0.71      ocdis01.af.mil

26.14.0.71      aflc-oc-aisg1.af.mil

26.16.0.71      apsd-ii-os062.af.mil apsd-ii-os062.arpa

26.17.0.71      tinker-piv-1.af.mil tinker-piv-1.arpa

26.24.0.71      chaffe-tcaccis.army.mil

26.0.0.72       ddn-shadow-mc.dca.mil ddn-shadow-mc.arpa

26.1.0.72       ilcn-natick.arpa

26.2.0.72       ddn2.dca.mil ddn.dca.mil ddn2.arpa ddn.arpa

26.5.0.72       inmet.inmet.com inmet.com ddnt.arpa

26.6.0.72       devens-perddims.army.mil perddims19.arpa

26.7.0.72       watertown-emh1.army.mil

26.8.0.72       x25test.dca.mil x25test.arpa

26.9.0.72       dcrb2.arpa

26.7.0.58       dcrb2.arpa

26.11.0.72      nsyptsmh-poe.arpa nsyportsmouth.arpa nysportsmouth.arpa

192.26.20.2     nsyptsmh-poe.arpa nsyportsmouth.arpa nysportsmouth.arpa

26.12.0.72      loring-am1.af.mil loring-am1.arpa

26.14.0.72      pease-am1.af.mil pease-am1.arpa

26.15.0.72      natick-emh1.army.mil natick1.arpa

26.0.0.73       sri-nic.arpa nic.ddn.mil

10.0.0.51       sri-nic.arpa nic.ddn.mil

26.3.0.73       menlo-park.mt.ddn.mil sri-mil-tac.arpa

26.5.0.73       twg.com twg.arpa

26.0.0.74       white-sands.mt.ddn.mil whitesands-mil-tac.arpa

26.2.0.74       wsmr-simtel20.army.mil simtel20.arpa simtel20.army.mil

26.4.0.74       ftbliss-ignet.army.mil bliss-ignet.army.mil igmirs-ftbliss.arpa

26.6.0.74       holloman-am1.af.mil holloman-am1.arpa

26.8.0.74       bliss-perddims.army.mil perddims02.arpa

26.11.0.74      wsmr-emh99.army.mil traps-wsmr.arpa

26.13.0.74      bliss-ato.army.mil bliss-ato.arpa

26.0.0.75       yuma.mt.ddn.mil yuma-mil-tac.arpa

26.5.0.75       luke-piv-3.af.mil luke-piv-3.arpa

26.8.0.75       nellis-piv-1.af.mil nellis-piv-1.arpa

26.10.0.75      mtf-nellis.af.mil mtf-nellis.arpa

26.1.0.76       dca-ems.dca.mil dca-ems.arpa dcems.arpa

26.3.0.76       dcaoc.mt.ddn.mil dcaoc-mil-tac.arpa

26.4.0.76       deers-alexandria.arpa

26.5.0.76       oahost.dca.mil oahost.arpa

26.6.0.76       belvoir-ignet2.army.mil igmirs-corpeng.arpa

26.10.0.76      pentagon-bcn.army.mil pentagon-bcn.arpa

192.31.75.235   pentagon-bcn.army.mil pentagon-bcn.arpa

26.17.0.76      conus-milnetmc.dca.mil conus-milnetmc.arpa

26.0.0.76       conus-milnetmc.dca.mil conus-milnetmc.arpa

26.2.0.77       zama.mt.ddn.mil zama-mil-tac.arpa

26.4.0.77       zama-ignet.army.mil ignet-cpzama.arpa

26.6.0.77       yokota-piv-1.af.mil yokota-piv-1.arpa

26.7.0.77       misawa-piv-1.af.mil misawa-piv-1.arpa

26.11.0.77      zama-pacdpine.army.mil pacdpinet-zama.arpa

26.13.0.77      mtf-misawa.arpa mtf-misawa.af.mil

26.14.0.77      ncpds-iwakuni.arpa

26.15.0.77      nsdyok.arpa yoknsd.arpa

26.10.0.77      nsdyok.arpa yoknsd.arpa

26.16.0.77      ida-fms-yokosuka.arpa

26.17.0.77      poj-har.army.mil poj-har.arpa

26.18.0.77      zama-emh1.army.mil

26.19.0.77      cpzama-jacs6350.army.mil

26.1.0.78       puget-sound.mt.ddn.mil pugetsound-mil-tac.arpa

26.5.0.78       peracv.navy.mil peracv.arpa

26.6.0.78       navhospbrem.arpa

26.7.0.78       navmeducabremerton.arpa

26.8.0.78       navmeducaoakharbor.arpa

26.15.0.78      lewis-asims.army.mil asims-020.arpa

26.0.0.79       benning.mt.ddn.mil benning-mil-tac.arpa

26.4.0.79       benning-ato.arpa

26.6.0.79       benning.army.mil

26.7.0.79       benning-tcaccis.army.mil

26.10.0.79      mcdn-alb.arpa

26.11.0.79      mtf-maxwell.af.mil mtf-maxwell.arpa

26.13.0.79      benning-jacs5074.army.mil jacs5074.arpa

26.14.0.79      columbus-am1.af.mil columbus-am1.arpa

26.15.0.79      camnet-columbus-r02.af.mil camnet-columbus-r02.arpa

26.16.0.79      gunter-am1.af.mil gunter-am1.arpa camnet-gunt-r01.arpa

26.18.0.79      benning-perddims.army.mil perddims33.arpa

26.19.0.79      benning-meprs.army.mil

26.24.0.79      ftgillem-darms.army.mil

26.25.0.79      ftmcphsn-jacs5073.army.mil

26.31.0.79      benning-asims.army.mil asims-034.arpa

26.0.0.80       bragg.mt.ddn.mil bragg-mil-tac.arpa

26.4.0.80       tecnet-clemson.arpa tecnet-clemson.jcte.jcs.mil

26.5.0.80       nardac-cherrypt.arpa

26.6.0.80       chrnsc.arpa

26.9.0.80       chrnsc.arpa

26.7.0.80       ed-mb.af.mil ed-mb.arpa

26.8.0.80       netpmsa-charl3.arpa

26.10.0.80      ftbragg-asatms.army.mil bragg-asatms.army.mil

26.11.0.80      navmeducacharleston.arpa

26.12.0.80      mcdn-clb3.arpa

26.13.0.80      bragg-asims.army.mil

26.14.0.80      jackson-jacs5056.army.mil jackson-jacs.army.mil

26.15.0.80      cptmas.arpa

26.16.0.80      navmeducalejeune.arpa

26.17.0.80      navmeducacherrypt.arpa

26.18.0.80      bragg-jacs5072.army.mil bragg-jacs.army.mil

26.19.0.80      ftbragg-ignet.army.mil bragg-ignet.army.mil

26.24.0.80      pope-piv-1.af.mil pope-piv-1.arpa

26.25.0.80      ftbragg-ignet2.army.mil bragg-ignet2.army.mil

26.26.0.80      ftbragg-ignet3.army.mil bragg-ignet3.army.mil

26.30.0.80      bragg-emh1.army.mil bragg.arpa

26.31.0.80      bragg-perddims.army.mil perddims10.arpa

26.0.0.81       carderock.mt.ddn.mil david-mil-tac.arpa

26.3.0.81       dtrc.dt.navy.mil dtrc.arpa

130.46.1.3      dtrc.dt.navy.mil dtrc.arpa

26.6.0.81       dmacsc.dma.mil dmaodshost.arpa

26.9.0.81       hqaaa.army.mil hqaaa.arpa

26.11.0.81      nardacdc002.arpa dcmail.arpa

26.20.0.81      wrair-emh1.army.mil ilcn-wreed.arpa wrair.arpa

26.2.0.82       buckner.mt.ddn.mil buckner-mil-tac.arpa

26.5.0.82       navmeducaokinawa.arpa

26.6.0.82       ncpds-butler.arpa

26.7.0.82       kadena-piv-1.af.mil kadena-piv-1.arpa

26.8.0.82       kadena-c01.af.mil kadena-c01.arpa

26.9.0.82       kadena-c02.af.mil kadena-c02.arpa

26.10.0.82      mtf-kadena.af.mil mtf-kadena.arpa

26.12.0.82      kadena-am2.af.mil kadena-am2.arpa

26.13.0.82      sac-misc3.af.mil sac-misc3.arpa

26.18.0.82      buckner-emh1.army.mil

26.0.0.83       robins2.mt.ddn.mil robins2-mil-tac.arpa

26.5.0.83       wr1.af.mil wr1.arpa

26.6.0.83       wrdis01.af.mil

26.7.0.83       edcars-wr.af.mil edcars-wr.arpa

26.8.0.83       aflc-wr-aisg1.af.mil aflc-wr-aisg1.arpa

26.9.0.83       dmmis-wr.af.mil dmmis-wr.arpa

26.10.0.83      robins-am1.af.mil robins-am1.arpa

26.11.0.83      kngtrf.navy.mil kngtrf.arpa

26.15.0.205     kngtrf.navy.mil kngtrf.arpa

26.12.0.83      moody-am1.af.mil moody-am1.arpa

26.13.0.83      robins-piv-2.af.mil

26.15.0.83      robins-pc3.af.mil robins-pc3.arpa

26.16.0.83      remis-wr.af.mil

26.2.0.84       dahlgren.mt.ddn.mil nswc-mil-tac.arpa

26.3.0.84       oas.nswc.navy.mil nswc-oas.arpa









           Letters to TAP Magazine

           TAP Magazine Issue #101 December 1st 1990





In this issue we will try and answer some questions and the

ones we can't we hope that our readers can. So enjoy.



Dear TAP,



I got TAP #97 last week and GREATLY enjoyed reading it.

Highly informative. I wouldn't consider myself a hacker, but

your article "A beginners guide to hacking" makes it very

alluring (however, my hardware consists of a commodore 64

with a VIC-20 modem and cassette tape software). Is there any

hope? Should i change modems? The other articles were also

informative; I've already succeeded with the "Redneck Penny."



Austin, TX



Dear Austin,



Issue 97 was our first attempt at the digest size issue and

we liked it a lot better also. To answer your questions about

a commodore. The modem that has the most hacking and

phreaking software written for it is the c1670 modem. It is

made by commodore. They range in price from 50-80 dollars. It

depends on if you buy it locally or mail order. You would

also want to get a 1541 disk drive, many programs won't work

with a cassette tape. That should get you headed in the right

direction. I also think you will find "Phoneman" a very good

terminal program. It has many different tone emulators for

colored boxes.



Dear TAP,



I was wondering if it's possible to make a universal garage

door opener. Like the TV remotes that are universal and work

on any TV. This would allow you to open someones garage

without having a certain opener.



Dayton, OH



Dear Dayton,



I don't know the exact frequencies that garage door openers

run on, but i would assume that once found you could make an

adjustable one with a knob of some kind to increase or

decrease the range. If any reader can help please send the

range the frequencies run in, or help on how this could be

done.



Dear TAP,



I would like to know if it's possible to copy or pirate

nintendo games?

TAP Reply,



I have heard that nintendo games use a means of copy

protection.  They have different eproms on about every 1,000

cartridges made.  Thus making each lot different from all the

others.  If you had a way to copy the eproms and burn them

into a blank one i guess it would work. But if they have copy

protection built in you would have to find a way to bypass

it.



Dear TAP,



Why don't you all put out an online type magazine like Phrack

or ATI does?



TAP Reply,



We have been thinking about doing this for a few months now.

As soon as all the staff has a computer and a modem we might

attempt something. It would have to be different from all the

rest though.



Dear TAP,



Was that really a picture of you guys on the cover of issue

99?



TAP Reply,



Nope, we found that picture on a telephone poll, but thought

what the hell, it would make a fancy cover.



Dear TAP,



How come 2600 never mentions you as being another hacker

publication in their mag?



TAP Reply,



I guess they have something against us. Maybe they don't know

we exist. Ask Eric Corley i don't know...



Dear TAP,



How can you publish this stuff without the PHeds arresting

you for doing it?



TAP Reply,



We gave them some donuts filled with brainwashing grape jelly

and they don't know we exist.





Dear TAP,



How can you guys publish for free? I like the mag and enjoy

reading it but wonder how you guys do it?



Arizona



Dear Arizona,



Well as you might have seen, TAP is no longer free. It was jst to expensive

to keep giving it away. Subscriptions are just $10.00 for 10 issues. USA

price. Other rates have not been decided yet. Write for info.



Dear TAP,



I have written many articles how do i get them published in

TAP magazine?



Milwaukee, WI



Dear Milwaukee,



We would like to get many article from our readers. We can't

print them all, some might not fit our format or be up to par

with what we would use, but feel free to send us anything you

think we might like reading. Newspaper clippings can also be

useful to let us know whats going on in your area.



Dear TAP,

With all the stuff about Operation Sundevil why didn't you

have any info on it?



Dallas, TX



Dear Dallas,



We thought since it was in and on most everything else we

would save you from the effort of reading it all over again.

We cannot take a stand unless we know both sides of the story

and with the federal cover ups and changing stories every

week we just see it as another massive scare tactic. If for

some reason you have been on an island or in a cave you can

find info on Sundevil in CUD, 2600, Phrack, newspapers and

just about every online service out there.



Well that about wraps up the questions for now. Our next

issue will be back to regular stories and columns. Until then

may the feds be confused on the way to your door.







           */*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*

               Hacking Answering Machines 1990

           */*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*

         by: Predat0r of Blitzkrieg Bbs 502/499-8933





    AT&T reports that in the year 1990, 11 million people

will buy an answering machine for their home use. In 1989, 10

million machines were sold. Everyone has called up a person

at one time or another and got the old "leave your name at

the beep" message. With this increase in homes using these

machines there is also a new form of hacking developing. One

of hacking an answering machine.



    Why would anyone even want to hack an answering machine

and for what purpose? There are many reasons and things you

can do once you have control of someone elses machine. If for

some reason you need to spy on a business or person you can

hack their machine and take control using the information for

your own personal use. There is also the old "change the

message" secret to make it say something to the effect of

this line accepts all toll charges so you can bill third

party calls to that number. You can also use an answering

machine for your own personal use, as in making it your own

voice mail type system for people to call. Only do this if

you know someone is out of town. If they come home from

shopping and find their machine changed it might cause

problems. With these basic ideas in mind you can see hacking

an answering machine could be very useful to certain

individuals.



    How can a person hack an answering machine? Well most

answering machines built now have remote access features

which allow the owner, or anyone to call in and press a

security code to play their messages. This is where the fun

begins.  Some older models don't have remote access so you

cannot do anything to them. Also if you know someone has a

machine but you call and it doesn't answer, let the phone

ring about 15 times. This will tell the machine to turn

itself on, so you can hack it. The actual number varies

between machines.



    To practice hacking some machines i will show you how to

get remote access on a few models. Just look and see what

kind your friend has and hack it for starters.



    Record a Call- Model 2120

    -------------------------

Call in and during the message or after the beep tone to

leave a message enter the 3 digit security code. Which you

must find yourself. This will rewind the tape and play all

new messages. Press 2 to backspace and repeat the last

message. Press 3 to fast foward the tape.



Changing your message from remote. Call your phone and enter

the secret code. After several rapid beeps enter your secret

code again. After a short delay you will hear a long tone.

After the tone ends begin speaking your message which may be

17 seconds in length. When finished press the second digit of

your secret code to end. The machine will then save your

message and play it back. To turn the unit on from remote let

it ring 11 times then hangup. Or stay on and it will answer

so you can access the machine. For express calls or frequent

calls hit the second digit for two seconds to skip the out

going message announcement.



Goldstar- Models 6000/6100

--------------------------

Call and enter your 1 digit secret code after you hear the

out going message announcement. The machine will then play

back new messages. Hangup to save messages or after all

messages have been played the machine will give a double

beeptone, you may enter your code to erase all messages.

You cannot change the out going message on this unit.



Cobra- Model AN-8521

--------------------

For this machine there are 2 codes. Both are one digit in

length. The first one is the play code. The second is to

erase messages from remote. After the outgoing message and

beeptone press the play code for 2 seconds to play messages.

After each message ends there will be a single beep. At the

end of all message it will beep twice. You may then do the

following. Replay by pressing the play code again. Erase

messages by pressing the erase code. Hang-up and save

messages and continue to take additional calls. To turn this

unit on from remote you must let it ring 16 times before it

will activate. If it rings 10 times then you hear 3 beeps it

is full and messages need to be erased.



Uniden- Model AM 464

--------------------

This model is one of the more advanced when it comes to

remote capabilities. The factory preset security code is 747.

This can be changed to as many as five digits of your choice.

To gain access from remote type your security code while the

outgoing message is playing. Press 1 after hearing the tone

and the machine will rewind and play your messages. To fast

foward press 7, to resume normal playback press 8. To stop

the messages from playing press 8 again. Press 8 to restart

the messages or 1 to start from the beginning again. Press 9

to rewind and 8 to resume playing. If you rewind all the way

it will beep twice. You need to press 1 to play messages.To

save messages press 4. To erase press 6. To turn the machine

off from remote press 5 after all messages have been played

and the machine beeps twice. To turn the machine on from

remote let the phone ring 12 to 14 times. The machine will

beep and then you enter your remote code. This will then turn

your machine to answer mode. This machine also has room

monitor options. This allows you to listen to what is going

on in the room of the machine. To do this call the machine

enter your security code after the beep press 0. The monitor

stays on for 60 seconds. You will be warned with 2 beeps at

45 seconds. To continue press 0 again.To change the outgoing

message from remote erase all the messages. Then call back

and enter your code after the tone press 3. It will beep

again and  you may then leave your new message. Press 3 when

finished. To change the security code from remote after the

beep press # then 1 after the next beep enter your new code

followed by the # again. There is also a call break through

where you enter 256 while the outgoing message is playing.

This will alarm the persons in the house someone is calling

with a series of loud beeps. Press the * key to stop.



Code-a-phone Model 930

----------------------

To access from remote call and enter your security code after

the announcement and tone. Press your code for 3 full

seconds. After the new messages have been played you will

hear 2 tones. You may then save messages by pressing your

code then hanging up. repeat by entering code wait for 4

tones then enter code again. To erase message hangup when the

tape is done playing. To turn the machine on from remote call

and let ring ten times. When the system answers it will have

a two second tone. Press your security code. You will hear

three double tones to let you know the system is on.



Unisonic- Model 8720

--------------------

One digit code entered after the outgoing message and tone

will allow you to hear messages. To change message wait till

all new messages have been played 2 beep tones will be heard.

Press code for four seconds. Two beeps will be heard then the

tape will rewind and beep again. Now leave the new message.

Press your code when finished to save new outgoing message.

New message will play for you to hear.



Panasonic- Model KX-T2427

-------------------------

Call and enter the three digit code during the outgoing

message. Machine will beep once, then beep amount of times

equal to messages. Then rewind and play messages. There will

be three beeps after the last message. Six beeps means the

tape is full. Press 2 to foward. Press 1 to rewind. Press 3

to reset machine and erase messages. To monitor the room

press 5 after the beeps indicating the number of messages the

machine has. Press 7 to change the outgoing message, it will

beep a few quick times rewind then a long beep will be heard.

Leave new message press 9 when finished. Press 0 right after

the beep tones to shut the machine off. To turn the machine

on let it ring 15 times then hangup after machine turns on.



Panasonic- Model KX-T2385d

--------------------------

During the outgoing message enter the 1 digit code. This will

playback messages. Press the code again to rewind. After the

messages have played the machine will beep three times. Press

your code again and it will reset the machine. For remote

turn on let phone ring 15 times. Then after the outgoing

message hangup.



AT&T- Model 1504

----------------

Enter 2 digit code before or after announcement. System will

beep after each message and five times when messages are

done. Press the # key anytime to pause. Hanging up will save

messages. Press 7 and it will rewind and play messages again.

Press 5 to fast foward. Press 2 to rewind. Press 33 after all

messages have been played to reset without saving messages.

To record onto the tape press * after the system answers.

This will then beep and you may leave a four minute message

on the tape. Press # when done. This is not an outgoing

message announcement, only a memo. To turn on from remote let

ring ten times press 0 when system answers. To turn the

system off dial and enter your code. Press 88 and it will

shut the machine down.



Phonemate- Model 4050

---------------------

Enter your 3 digit code during the outgoing message. Pressing

* or # will allow you to scan through the messages. When

finished pressing 1 will replay the messages. Pressing 2 will

erase them. To turn on from remote let ring for 15 times.

Then proceed with remote operations.



Phonemate- Model 7200

---------------------

Enter 1 digit code during of after the outgoing message. A

voice will tell you how many messages you have, then play

them back for you. To rewind press your code and hold it for

however long you want to rewind. Let go and it will resume

playing. After the last message a voice will prompt you with

a list of options. You have five seconds to respond or it

will proceed to the next option. These are as follows. The

first is hanging up to save messages. Next is enter code to

replay messages. Next enter code to erase messages. Last is

enter code to change greeting. Follow the voice and it will

give you complete directions on exact steps to follow. To

turn on from remote let ring ten times then hang up. If tape

is full it will say sorry tape is full, enter code and erase

messages.



Spectra Phone- Model ITD300

---------------------------

Enter your 1 digit code after the greeting. Messages will

play back. Hanging up will save them. Or wait for four beeps

and press your code to replay them. To erase press your code

after 2 beeps. To turn the machine on from remote let it ring

10 times.



Notes: Outgoing message and greeting is what you hear when

you first call. Code is your personal security code.



Hacking answering machines can be very easy. It can also help

you obtain valuable information. If you have a targeted

machine you can try going to a store and saying you just

bought one and it didn't have instructions in the box. They

will usually give you a set or make copies for you. This

basic guide is just to introduce you to answering machine

hacking and changing the outgoing message and listening to

messages left by callers. To keep your own machine safe

purchase one with a changeable security code of 3 or more

digits. Most home machines are of the 1 digit type and are

easy to hack. I have no knwoledge of the laws concerning

hacking into someones answering machine. I am sure once it

becomes more common we will find out. Of course this article

is for informational purposes only so you would never have to

find out the actual laws.



Taken from TAP Magazine Issue #100



                                     NASA

                                   REVISED

                         SPACE SHUTTLE MISSION STS-35

                                  PRESS KIT



                                DECEMBER 1990







PUBLIC AFFAIRS CONTACTS



Mark Hess/Ed Campion

Office of Space Flight

NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

(Phone:  202/453-8536)



Paula Cleggett-Haleim/Michael Braukus

Office of Space Science and Applications

NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

(Phone:  202/453-1548)



Terri Sindelar

Educational Affairs

NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.

(Phone:  202/453-8400)



Nancy Lovato

Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, Calif.

(Phone:  805/258-3448)

Randee Exler

Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.

(Phone:  301/286-7277)



James Hartsfield

Johnson Space Center, Houston

(Phone:  713/483-5111)



Lisa Malone/Pat Phillips

Kennedy Space Center, Fla.

(Phone:  407/867-2468)



Jean Drummond Clough

Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va.

(Phone:  804/864-6122)



David Drachlis/Jerry Berg

Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.

(Phone:  205/544-0034)



                                   # # # #



CONTENTS



GENERAL RELEASE                                                              1



SUMMARY OF MAJOR ACTIVITIES                                                  2



STS-35 CARGO CONFIGURATION                                                   3



STS-35 QUICK LOOK FACTS                                                      4



GENERAL INFORMATION                                                          5



TRAJECTORY SEQUENCE OF EVENTS                                                6



SPACE SHUTTLE ABORT MODES                                                    6



PAYLOAD AND VEHICLE WEIGHTS                                                  7



STS-35 PRELAUNCH PROCESSING                                                  7



ASTRO-1 MISSION                                                              8



ASTRO-1 OBSERVATORY                                                         12

        Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope                                       12

        Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-Polarimeter Experiment                  15

        Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope                                       17





BROAD BAND X-RAY TELESCOPE                                                  19



ASTRO CARRIER SYSTEMS                                                       22



ASTRO OPERATIONS                                                            25



ASTRO GROUND CONTROL                                                        27



ASTRO-1 HISTORY                                                             29



SHUTTLE AMATEUR RADIO EXPERIMENT (SAREX)                                    30



STS-35 COLUMBIA SAREX FREQUENCIES                                           32



"SPACE CLASSROOM, ASSIGNMENT:  THE STARS"                                   32



ORBITER EXPERIMENTS PROGRAM                                                 33



STS-35 CREW BIOGRAPHIES                                                     36



STS-35 MISSION MANAGEMENT                                                   38



UPCOMING SPACE SHUTTLE FLIGHTS                                              40



PREVIOUS SPACE SHUTTLE FLIGHTS                                              41



                                   # # # #



GENERAL RELEASE



RELEASE: 90-63



COLUMBIA TO FLY ASTRONOMY MISSION



        Highlighting mission STS-35, the 38th flight of the Space Shuttle

and 10th mission of orbiter Columbia, will be around-the-clock

observations by the seven-member crew using the ultraviolet astronomy

observatory (Astro) and the Broad Band X-Ray Telescope (BBXRT).  Both

instruments are located in Columbia's payload bay and will be operated

during 12-hour shifts by the crew.



        Above Earth's atmospheric interference, Astro-1 will observe and

measure ultraviolet radiation from celestial objects. Astro-1 is the first in

a series of missions that will make precise measurements of objects such

as planets, stars and galaxies in relatively small fields of view.



        Liftoff of the 10th flight of Columbia is scheduled for the week of

Dec. 2, 1990 from launch pad 39B at the Kennedy Space Center, Fla.

Columbia will be placed into a 218 statute (190 nautical) mile circular

orbit, inclined 28.5 degrees to the equator.  Nominal mission duration is

expected to be 9 days 21 hours 57 minutes.  Landing will take place at

Edwards Air Force Base, Calif.



        Astro-1 uses a Spacelab pallet system with an instrument pointing

system and a cruciform structure for bearing the three ultraviolet

instruments mounted in parallel configuration.  The three instruments

are the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT), the Wisconsin Ultraviolet

Photo-polarimeter Experiment (WUPPE) and the Ultraviolet Imaging

Telescope (UIT).  The star tracker, which supports the instrument

pointing system, also is mounted on the cruciform.



        HUT will study faint astronomical objects such as quasars, active

galactic nuclei and supernova remnants in the little-explored ultraviolet

range below 1200 Angstroms.  It consists of a mirror that focuses on an

aperture of a prime focus spectrograph.  Observations of the outer planets

of the solar system will be made to investigate aurorae and gain insight

into the interaction of each planet's magnetosphere with the solar wind.



        WUPPE will measure the polarization of ultraviolet light from

celestial objects such as hot stars, galactic nuclei and quasars.  It uses

two-mirror telescope optics in conjunction with a spectropolarimeter.

This instrument will measure the polarization by splitting a beam of light

into two mutually-perpendicular planes of polarization, passing the beams

through a spectrometer and focusing the beams on two separate array

detectors.



        UIT consists of a telescope and two image intensifiers with 70 mm

film transports (1000 frames each).  It will acquire images of faint objects

in broad ultraviolet bands in the wavelength range of 1200 to 3200

Angstroms.  This experiment also will investigate the present stellar

content and history of star formation in galaxies, the nature of spiral

structure and non-thermal sources in galaxies.



        Also in the payload bay is the Broad Band X-Ray Telescope which

has two co-aligned imaging telescopes with cryogenically cooled lithium-

drifted silicon detectors at each focus.  Accurate pointing of the

instrument is achieved by a two-axis pointing system (TAPS).



        BBXRT will study various targets, including active galaxies, clusters

of galaxies, supernova remnants and stars.  BBXRT will directly measure

the amount of energy in electron volts of each X-ray detected.



        Astro observations will begin about 23 hours after Columbia has

completed its maneuvering burn to circularize its orbit at 190 nautical

miles.  BBXRT will be activated approximately 13 hours after orbital

insertion.  Astro will be deactivated 12 hours before deorbit and BBXRT

deactivation will be 4 hours before the deorbit burn.



        Columbia's middeck will carry the Shuttle Amateur Radio

Experiment (SAREX) to communicate with amateur radio stations within

line-of-sight of the orbiter in voice mode or data mode.  This experiment

has previously flown on STS-9 and STS-51F.  Also on this mission,

Columbia will function as the subject for ground sensor operations as part

of the Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS) calibration test.



        Commander of the seven-member crew is Vance Brand.  Pilot is

Guy Gardner.  STS-35 is Brand's fourth trip to space.  He previously flew

on the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project mission in 1975.  He also commanded

Shuttle missions STS-5 in November 1982 and STS-41B in February

1984.  Gardner previously piloted STS-27 in December 1988.



        Mission Specialists are Mike Lounge, Jeffrey Hoffman and Robert

Parker.  Lounge previously flew on STS-51I in August 1985 and STS-26

in September 1988.  Hoffman flew as a Mission Specialist on STS-51D in

April 1985.  Parker's previous spaceflight experience was STS-9 in

November 1983.



        Payload Specialists Ronald Parise and Samuel Durrance round out

the STS-35 crew.  Both are making their first space flights.





                                   # # # #





SUMMARY OF MAJOR ACTIVITIES



Day One

  Ascent

  Post-insertion

  Unstow Cabin

  Astro/BBXRT Activation

  SAREX Setup

  DSO



Day Two

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX



Day Three

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX



Day Four

  AMOS

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX



Day FIVE

  AMOS

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX

  Space Classroom



Day Six

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX



Day Seven

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  RCS Hotfire



Day Eight

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX

  DTO

  FCS Checkout



Day Nine

  Astro/BBXRT Observations

  SAREX

  SAREX Stow

  Astro/BBXRT Deactivation

  Cabin Stow

  Deorbit Burn

  Landing at Edwards AFB



                                   # # # #



STS-35 QUICK LOOK



        Launch Date:                 December 2, 1990

        Launch Window:               1:24 a.m. - 3:54 a.m. EST

        Launch Site:                 Kennedy Space Center, Fla.

        Launch Complex 39-B

        Orbiter:                     Columbia (OV-102)

        Altitude:                    218 statute miles (190 nm)

        Inclination:                 28.45

        Duration:                    9 days, 21 hours, 57 minutes

        Landing Date/Time:           Dec. 11, 1990, 8:21 p.m. PST





        Primary Landing Site:        Edwards Air Force Base, Calif.



        Abort Landing Sites:         Return to Launch Site -- Kennedy Space

                                     Center, Fla.

        Trans-Atlantic Abort    --   Banjul, The Gambia

        Abort Once Around       --   Edwards AFB, Calif.



        Crew    Vance D. Brand - Commander - Red/Blue Team

                Guy S. Gardner - Pilot - Red  Team

                Jeffrey A. Hoffman - Mission Specialist 1/EV1 - Blue Team

                John M. "Mike" Lounge - Mission Specialist 2/EV2 - Blue Team

                Robert A.R. Parker - Mission Specialist 3 - Red  Team

                Samuel T. Durrance - Payload Specialist 1 - Blue Team

                Ronald A. Parise - Payload Specialist 2 - Red  Team



                Red Team shift is approximately 10:30 p.m. -- 10:30 a.m. EST

                Blue Team shift is approximately 10:30 a.m. -- 10:30 p.m. EST



        Cargo Bay Payloads:          Ultraviolet Astronomy Telescope (Astro)

                                     Broad Band X-Ray Telescope (BBXRT)



        Middeck Payloads:            Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS)

                                     Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX)



                                   # # # #



GENERAL INFORMATION





NASA Select Television Transmission



     NASA Select television is available on Satcom F-2R, Transponder 13,

C-band located at 72 degrees west longitude, frequency 3960.0 MHz,

vertical polarization, audio monaural 6.8 MHz.



     The schedule for tv transmissions from the orbiter and for the

change-of-shift briefings from Johnson Space Center, Houston, will be

available during the mission at Kennedy Space Center, Fla.; Marshall

Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.; Johnson Space Center; Goddard

Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. and NASA Headquarters,

Washington, D.C.  The  schedule will be updated daily to reflect changes

dictated by mission operations.



     TV schedules also may be obtained by calling COMSTOR, 713/483-

5817.  COMSTOR is a computer data base service requiring the use of a

telephone modem.  Voice updates of the TV schedule may be obtained by

dialing 202/755-1788.  This service is updated daily at noon EDT.





Status Reports



     Status reports on countdown and mission progress, on-orbit activities

and landing operations will be produced by the appropriate NASA news

center.





Briefings



     An STS-35 mission press briefing schedule will be issued prior to

launch.  During the mission, flight control personnel will be on 8-hour

shifts.  Change-of-shift briefings by the off-going flight director will occur

at approximately 8-hour intervals.



TRAJECTORY SEQUENCE OF EVENTS

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                        RELATIVE

EVENT                        MET              VELOCITY    MACH    ALTITUDE

                             (d:h:m:s)         (fps)

(ft)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Launch                       00/00:00:00



Begin Roll Maneuver          00/00:00:09        162        .14        613



End Roll Maneuver            00/00:00:16        340        .30      2,505



SSME Throttle Down to 70%    00/00:00:26        608        .54      6,759



Max. Dyn. Pressure (Max Q)   00/00:00:54      1,229       1.17     28,976



SSME Throttle Up to 104%     00/00:01:03      1,473       1.46     39,394



SRB Staging                  00/00:02:05      4,203       3.87    150,267



Negative Return              00/00:03:58      6,940       7.58    309,526



Main Engine Cutoff (MECO)    00/00:08:31     24,439      22.99    360,922



Zero Thrust                  00/00:08:37     24,556      22.73    363,937



ET Separation                00/00:08:49



OMS 2 Burn                   00/00:40:22



Landing                      09/21:57



Apogee, Perigee at MECO:     185 x 33

Apogee, Perigee post-OMS 2:  190 x 190



                                   # # # #



SPACE SHUTTLE ABORT MODES



     Space Shuttle launch abort philosophy aims toward safe and intact

recovery of the flight crew, orbiter and its payload.



Abort modes include:



     *  Abort-To-Orbit (ATO) -- Partial loss of main engine thrust late enough

        to permit reaching a minimal 105-nautical mile orbit with orbital

        maneuvering system engines.



     *  Abort-Once-Around (AOA) -- Earlier main engine shutdown with the

        capability to allow one orbit around before landing at Edwards Air

        Force Base, Calif.; White Sands Space Harbor (Northrup Strip), N.M.;

        or the Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF) at Kennedy Space Center, Fla..



     *  Trans-Atlantic Abort Landing (TAL) -- Loss of two main engines midway

        through powered flight would force a landing at Banjul, The Gambia;

        Ben Guerir, Morocco; or Moron, Spain.



     *  Return-To-Launch-Site (RTLS) -- Early shutdown of one or more engines

        and without enough energy to reach Banjul would result in a pitch

        around and thrust back toward KSC until within gliding distance of the

        SLF.



     STS-35 contingency landing sites are Edwards AFB, White Sands,

Kennedy Space Center, Banjul and Ben Guerir, Moron.



                                   # # # #



PAYLOAD AND VEHICLE WEIGHTS



        Vehicle/Payload                                          Weight (lbs)



        Orbiter Columbia empty                                        158,905



        Ultraviolet Astronomy Telescope  (Astro)                       17,276

        (IPS, igloo and 2 pallets)



        Astro Support Equipment                                           404

        (middeck equipment)



        Broad Band X-Ray Telescope ((BBXRT)                             8,650

        (including TAPS and support equipment)



        Detailed Test Objectives (DTO)                                    274



        Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX)                           61



        Total vehicle at SRB ignition                               4,523,199



        Orbiter and cargo at main engine cutoff                       267,513



        Orbiter landing weight                                        225,886



                                   # # # #



STS-35 PRELAUNCH PROCESSING

     Columbia's first launch attempt on May 29 was scrubbed because  of

higher than allowable concentrations of hydrogen near the 17-inch

disconnect and in the aft compartment.  Since that time, there have been

several launch attempts and two tanking tests.



     After the first tanking test on June 6, officials decided to replace the

17-inch disconnect assemblies on both the orbiter and its external tank.

Columbia was rolled back to the  Vehicle  Assembly Building June 11,

demated from the external tank and transferred to the Orbiter

Processing Facility.  A new disconnect from  the shuttle Endeavour was

installed on Columbia and the orbiter and tank were remated.



     Columbia was rolled out to Pad 39-A on Aug. 9  for launch.



     The countdown began and launch was postponed on Aug. 30 to allow

the replacement of an electronic box for  the  Broad  Band  X-Ray

Telescope.  Launch was scrubbed on Sept. 5 because of higher than

allowable concentrations of hydrogen in the aft compartment.



     Another attempted launch occurred on Sept. 17, but again hydrogen

was detected in the aft compartment.



     A board was appointed to find the cause of the leak.  At the board's

direction, several main propulsion system seals were replaced, many leak

tests using gaseous helium were performed and various joints were

retorqued.  In addition, the team completed a thorough analysis of data

collected from the tanking tests and reviewed all work performed on the

orbiter's propulsion system since Columbia's last flight.



     The STS-35 vehicle was moved from Pad 39-A to 39-B on Oct. 8,

following the successful launch of Discovery on Mission STS-41.  The

next day,  Columbia was transferred back to the  Vehicle Assembly

Building because adverse weather prevented productive work in the aft

compartment. On Oct. 14, the vehicle was rolled out to Pad 39-B, and

specially outfitted for the successful tank ing test conducted Oct. 30.



     The successful tanking test paved the way for routine launch

preparations leading up to Columbia's planned liftoff.



                                   # # # #



THE ASTRO-1 MISSION



        Since the earliest days of astronomy, humankind has used the light

from the stars to test their understanding of the universe.  Now, an array

of telescopes to be flown on the first Spacelab mission since 1985, will

extend scientists' vision beyond the visible light to view some of the most

energetic events in the universe.



        Astro-1 is the first Spacelab mission devoted to a single scientific

discipline -- astrophysics.   The observatory will operate from within the

cargo bay of Space Shuttle Columbia on the STS-35 mission.  Together,

four telescopes will dissect ultraviolet light and X-rays from stars and

galaxies, revealing the secrets of processes that emitted the radiation

from thousands to even billions of years ago.  Wherever it points, Astro

promises to reveal an array of information.



        The Astro-1 Spacelab project is managed by NASA's Marshall Space

Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.





Seeing the Universe

        Astronomy from the ground always has been hampered by the

Earth's atmosphere.  Even visible light is distorted and blurred by the

motion of air masse, and visible light is just a small part of the radiation

that virtually all objects in the sky emit. Other forms of radiation -- like

cooler, low-energy infrared light and hotter, high-energy ultraviolet light

and X-rays -- are largely absorbed by the atmosphere and never reach the

ground.



        Seeing celestial objects in visible light alone is like looking at a

painting in only one color.  To appreciate fully the meaning of the

painting, viewers must see it in all of its colors.



        The Astro-1 telescopes were constructed to add some of these

"colors" to scientists' view of stars and galaxies.  The telescopes' perch

above the veil of Earth's atmosphere in Columbia's cargo bay will allow

scientists to view radiation that is invisible on the ground.



        Three of Astro-1's telescopes will operate in the ultraviolet portion

of the spectrum and one in the X-ray portion.  One will take photographs;

two will analyze the chemical composition, density and temperature of

objects with a spectrograph; and the other will study the relative

brightness and polarization (the study of light wavelength orientation) of

celestial objects.  Some sources will be among the faintest known, as faint

as the glow of sunlight reflected back from interplanetary dust.



        By studying ultraviolet and X-rays, astronomers can see emissions

from extremely hot gases, intense magnetic fields and other high-energy

phenomena that are much fainter in visible and infrared light or in radio

waves -- and which are crucial to a deeper understanding of the universe.



        Several space telescopes -- notably the Orbiting Astronomical

Observatory-3 (Copernicus) launched in 1972, the International

Ultraviolet Explorer launched in 1978 and the second High Energy

Astronomy Observatory launched in 1979 -- opened the window in these

exciting parts of the spectrum.  The combined observations by Astro, the

Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based observatories will provide

astronomers with a more comprehensive view of the cosmos than ever

before.





What Astro-1 Will "See"



     The universe viewed by Astro will look strikingly different from the

familiar night sky.  Most stars will fade from view, too cool to emit

significant ultraviolet radiation or X-rays.  Yet, very young massive stars,

very old stars, glowing nebulae, active galaxies and quasars will gleam

brightly.



     Astro will make observations in this solar system.  Astro will examine

the chemistry of planetary atmospheres and the interactions of their

magnetic fields.  The Astro observatory will study comets as they interact

with light and particles from the sun to produce bright, streaming tails.



Stars



        Astro will peer far beyond this solar system to study many types of

stars.  The sun is only one of an estimated several hundred billion stars in

the galaxy.  Stars like the sun are the most common type: fiery spheres of

gas, about 1 million times larger in volume than Earth, with nuclear

furnaces that reach temperatures of millions of degrees.



        Today, current evidence indicates that the sun is a stable, middle-

aged star, but some 5 billion years hence it will swell and swallow the

inner planets including Earth.  As a red giant, it may eject a shell of dust

and gas, a planetary nebula.  As the sun fades, it will collapse to an object

no bigger than Earth, a dense, hot ember, a white dwarf.  Astronomers

predict that most stars may end their lives as white dwarfs, so it is

important to study these stellar remains.  White dwarfs emit most of their

radiation in the ultraviolet, and one of Astro-1's main goals is to locate

and examine white dwarfs in detail.





Supernova



        Astro-1 instruments will locate hot, massive stars of all ages so that

astronomers can study all phases of stellar evolution. Stars with 10 to 100

times more mass than the sun burn hydrogen rapidly until their cores

collapse and they explode as supernovas, among the most powerful events

in the universe.  These stars are initially are very hot and emit mostly

ultraviolet radiation.



        Astro will view the recent explosion, Supernova 1987A, which

spewed stellar debris into space.  Supernovas forge new elements, most

of which are swept away in expanding shells of gas and debris heated by

the shock waves from the blast.  Astro-1 will look for supernova remnants

which remain visible for thousands of years after a stellar death.  Astro-1's

ultraviolet and X-ray telescopes will provide information on element

abundances, the physical conditions in the expanding gas and the

structure of the interstellar medium.





Neutron Stars, Pulsars, Black Holes



        After a supernova explosion, the stellar core sometimes collapses

into a neutron star, the densest and tiniest of known stars, with mass

comparable to the sun compacted into an area the size of a large city.

Matter can become so dense that a sugar cube of neutron star material

would weigh 100 million tons.



        Sometimes neutron stars are pulsars that emit beacons of radiation

and appear to blink on and off as many as hundreds of times per second

because they spin so rapidly.  Scientists have theorized that some stars

may collapse so far that they become black holes, objects so dense and

gravitationally strong that neither matter nor light escape.  Astro will look

for the ultraviolet radiation and X-rays thought to be produced when hot,

whirling matter is drawn into a black hole.





Star Systems



        Few stars live in isolation; most are found in pairs or groups.  Some

stellar companions orbit each other and often pass so close that mass is

transferred from one star to the other, producing large amounts of

ultraviolet and X-ray radiation which Astro-1's four telescopes are

designed to study. These binary star systems may consist of various

combinations of objects including white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black

holes.





Star Clusters



     Stars may congregate in star clusters with anywhere from a few to

millions of members.  Often, there are so many stars in the core of a

cluster, it is impossible to distinguish the visible light from individual

stars.  Because they shine brightly in the ultraviolet, Astro-1 can isolate

the hot stars within clusters.



        The clusters are excellent laboratories for studying stellar evolution

because the stars residing there formed from the same material at nearly

the same time.  However, within a single cluster, stars of different masses

evolve at different rates.



        Stellar evolution can be studied by looking at clusters of different

ages.  Each cluster of a given age provides a snapshot of what is

happening as a function of stellar mass.  By examining young clusters (less

than 1 million years old) and comparing them to old clusters (1 billion

years old), scientists can piece together what happens over a long time.





Interstellar Medium



        The space between stars is filled with dust and gas, some of which

will condense to become future stars and planets.  This interstellar

medium is composed chiefly of hydrogen with traces of heavier elements

and has a typical density of one atom per thimbleful of space.  Astro-1 will

be able to measure the properties of this material more accurately by

studying how it affects the light from distant stars.



        For the most part, the interstellar medium is relatively cool, but it

includes pockets of hot matter as well.  Dense clouds of dust that

surround stars and scatter and reflect light are called reflection nebulae.

These are often illuminated by hot, young stars in stellar nurseries

hidden within the clouds.  Ultraviolet observations will reveal the features

of stars hidden by the dust as well as the size and composition of the dust

grains.





Other Galaxies



        Beyond the Milky Way are at least a hundred billion more galaxies,

many with hundreds of billions of stars.  They contain most of the visible

matter in the universe and are often found in clusters of galaxies that

have tens to thousands of members.  X-ray and ultraviolet emission will

allow scientists to study the hottest, most active regions of these galaxies

as well as the intergalactic medium, the hot gas between the galaxies in a

cluster.



        Galaxies have a variety of shapes and sizes: gigantic spirals like the

Milky Way, egg-shaped elliptical and irregular shapes with no preferred

form.  Astro will survey the different types of galaxies and study their

evolution.  The nearby galaxies will appear as they were millions of years

ago, and Astro will see the most distant ones as they were billions of years

ago.  By comparing these galaxies, scientists can trace the history of the

universe.





Quasars



        Some galaxies are in the process of violent change.  Such active

galaxies have central regions (nuclei) that emit huge amounts of energy;

their ultraviolet and X-ray emission may help us identify their source of

power.  Astro-1's ultraviolet and X-ray telescopes will detect quasars, very

distant compact objects that radiate more energy than 100 normal

galaxies.



        Quasars may be the nuclei of ancient active galaxies.  Strong X-ray

and ultraviolet radiation arising in the central cores of these powerful

objects may help scientists discover what these objects really are.

        This overview is the known universe today, but many of these ideas

are only predictions based on theory and a few observations.  Scientists

still lack the definitive observations needed to confirm or refute many of

these theories.  Scientists do not know the exact size of the universe or

its age.  Scientists have never definitely seen a black hole, and they

continue to question the nature of quasars.



        To understand these mysteries, scientists need to see the universe

in all its splendor.  Astro is part of NASA's strategy to study the universe

across the electromagnetic spectrum, in all wavelengths.





THE ASTRO-1 OBSERVATORY



        The Astro-1 observatory is a compliment of four telescopes.

Though each instrument is uniquely designed to address specific

questions in ultraviolet and X-ray astronomy, when used in concert, the

capability of each is enhanced.  The synergistic use of Astro-1's

instruments for joint observations serves to make Astro-1 an

exceptionally powerful facility.  The Astro-1 observatory has three

ultraviolet-sensitive instruments:



     o  Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT) uses a spectrograph to examine

        faint astronomical objects such as quasars, active galactic nuclei and

        normal galaxies in the far ultraviolet.



     o  Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) will take wide-field-of-view

        photographs of objects such as hot stars and galaxies in broad

        ultraviolet wavelength bands.



     o  Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-Polarimeter Experiment (WUPPE) will study

        the ultraviolet polarization of hot stars, galactic nuclei and

        quasars.



        These instruments working together will make 200 to 300

observations during the STS-35 mission.  The Astro ultraviolet telescopes

are mounted on a common pointing system in the cargo bay of the Space

Shuttle.  The grouped telescopes will be pointed in the same direction at

the same time, so simultaneous photographs, spectra and polarization

studies will be available for each object observed.  The telescopes will be

operated by Columbia's crew.



        A fourth Astro instrument, the Broad Band X-Ray Telescope

(BBXRT), will view high-energy objects such as active galaxies, quasars

and supernovas.  This telescope is mounted on a separate pointing system

secured by a support structure in the cargo bay.



        For joint observations, BBXRT can be aligned with the ultraviolet

telescopes to see the same objects, but it also can be pointed

independently to view other X-ray sources.  BBXRT will be operated

remotely by ground controllers.  Since the ultraviolet telescopes and the

X-ray telescope are mounted on different support structures, they can be

reflown together or separately.





The Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope



        The Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope is the first major telescope

capable of studying far ultraviolet (FUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV)

radiation from a wide variety of objects in space.  HUT's observations will

provide new information on the evolution of galaxies and quasars, the

physical properties of extremely hot stars and the characteristics of

accretion disks (hot, swirling matter transferred from one star to

another) around white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes.



        HUT will make the first observations of a wide variety of

astronomical objects in the far ultraviolet region below 1,200 Angstroms

(A) and will pioneer the detailed study of stars in the extreme ultraviolet

band.  Ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths shorter than 912 A is absorbed

by hydrogen, the most abundant element in the universe.  HUT will allow

astronomers, in some instances along unobserved lines of sight, to see

beyond this cutoff, called the Lyman limit, because the radiation from the

most distant and rapidly receding objects, such as very bright quasars, is

shifted toward longer wavelengths.



        HUT was designed and built by the Center for Astrophysical

Sciences and the Applied Physics Laboratory of The Johns Hopkins

University in Baltimore, Md.  Its 36-inch mirror is coated with the rare

element iridium, a member of the platinum family, capable of reflecting

far and extreme ultraviolet light.  The mirror, located at the aft end of the

telescope, focuses incoming light from a celestial source back to a

spectrograph mounted behind the telescope.



        A grating within the spectrograph separates the light, like a

rainbow, into its component wavelengths.  The strengths of those

wavelengths tell scientists how much of certain elements are present.

The ratio of the spectral lines reveal a source's temperature and density.

The shape of the spectrum shows the physical processes occurring in a

source.



        The spectrograph is equipped with a variety of light-admitting slits

or apertures.  The science team will use different apertures to

accomplish different goals in their observation.  The longest slit has a

field of view of 2 arc minutes, about 1/15th the apparent diameter of the

moon.  HUT is fitted with an electronic detector system.  Its data

recordings are processed by an onboard computer system and relayed to

the ground for later analysis.



        Johns Hopkins scientists conceived HUT to take ultraviolet

astronomy beyond the brief studies previously conducted with rocket-

borne telescopes.  A typical rocket flight might gather 300 seconds of

data on a single object.  HUT will collect more than 300,000 seconds of

data on nearly 200 objects during the Astro-1 mission, ranging from

objects in the solar system to quasars billions of light-years distant.





HUT Vital Statistics



        Sponsoring Institution:        The Johns Hopkins University,

                                       Baltimore, Md.

        Principal Investigator:        Dr. Arthur F. Davidsen

        Telescope Optics:              36 in. aperture, f/2 focal ratio,

                                       iridium-coated paraboloid mirror

        Instrument:                    Prime Focus Rowland Circle Spectrograph

                                       with microchannel plate intensifier and

                                       electronic diode array detector

        Field of View

        of Guide TV:                   10 arc minutes

        Spectral Resolution:           3.0 A

        Wavelength Range:              850 A to 1,850 A (First Order)

                                       425 A to 925 A (Second Order)

        Weight:                        1,736 lb

        Size:                          44 inches in diameter

                                       12.4 ft. in length





Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-Polarimeter Experiment



        Any star, except for our sun, is so distant that it appears as only a

point of light and surface details cannot be seen.  If the light from objects

is polarized, it can tell scientists something about the source's geometry,

the physical conditions at the source and the reflecting properties of tiny

particles in the interstellar medium along the radiation's path.



        The Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-Polarimeter Experiment (WUPPE),

developed by the Space Astronomy Lab at the University of Wisconsin-

Madison, is designed to measure polarization and intensity of ultraviolet

radiation from celestial objects.  WUPPE is a 20-inch telescope with a

5.5-arc-minute field of view.



        WUPPE is fitted with a spectropolarimeter, an instrument that

records both the spectrum and the polarization of the ultraviolet light

gathered by the telescope.  Light will pass through sophisticated filters,

akin to Polaroid sunglasses, before reaching the detector.  Measurements

then will be transmitted electronically to the ground.



        Photometry is the measurement of the intensity (brightness) of the

light, while polarization is the measurement of the orientation (direction)

of the oscillating light wave.  Usually waves of light move randomly -- up,

down, back, forward and diagonally.  When light is polarized, all the waves

oscillate in a single plane.  Light that is scattered, like sunlight reflecting

off water, is often polarized.  Astro-1 astronomers expect to learn about

ultraviolet light that is scattered by dust strewn among stars and galaxies.

They also can learn about the geometry of stars and other objects by

studying their polarization.  To date, virtually no observations of

polarization of astronomical sources in the ultraviolet have been carried

out.  WUPPE measures the polarization by splitting a beam of radiation

into two perpendicular planes of polarization, passing the beams through

a spectrometer and focusing the beams on two separate array detectors.



        In the ultraviolet spectrum, both photometry and polarization are

extremely difficult measurements to achieve with the high degree of

precision required for astronomical studies.  To develop an instrument

that could make these delicate measurements required an unusually

innovative and advanced technical effort.  Thus, the WUPPE investigation

is a pioneering foray with a new technique.



        The targets of WUPPE investigations are primarily in the Milky Way

galaxy and beyond, for which comparative data exist in other wavelengths.

Like the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope, WUPPE also makes

spectroscopic observations of hot stars, galactic nuclei and quasars.

Operating at ultraviolet wavelengths that are mostly longer than those

observed by HUT (but with some useful overlap), WUPPE provides

chemical composition and physical information on celestial targets that

that give off a significant amount of radiation in the 1,400 to 3,200 A

range.





WUPPE Vital Statistics



        Sponsoring Institution:        University of Wisconsin, Madison

        Principal Investigator:        Dr. Arthur D. Code

        Telescope Optics:              Cassegrain (two-mirror) system, f/10

                                       focal ratio

        Instrument:                    Spectropolarimeter with dual electronic

                                       diode array detectors

        Primary Mirror Size:           20 in. diameter

                                       279 sq.* in. area

        Field of View:                 3.3 x 4.4 arc minutes

        Spectral Resolution:           6 Angstroms

        Wavelength Range:              1,400 to 3,200 Angstroms

        Magnitude Limit:               16

        Weight:                        981 lb

        Size:                          28 inches in diameter

                                       12.4 ft. in length



     *  This and subsequent changes were made to avoid confusion since the

        computer will not create exponents for cm2 or the circle over the A

        for Angstrom.





The Ultraviolet ImagingTelescope



        In the 20 years that astronomical observations have been made

from space, no high-resolution ultraviolet photographs of objects other

than the sun have been made.  Nonetheless, the brief glimpses of the

ultraviolet sky have led to important discoveries in spiral galaxies,

globular clusters, white dwarf stars and other areas.



        Deep, wide-field imaging is a primary means by which

fundamentally new phenomena or important examples of known classes

of astrophysical objects will be recognized in the ultraviolet.  The

Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT), developed at NASA's Goddard Space

Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., is the key instrument for these

investigations.



        UIT is a powerful combination of telescope, image intensifier and

camera.  It is a 15.2-inch Ritchey Chretien telescope with two selectable

cameras mounted behind the primary mirror.  Each camera has a six-

position filter wheel, a two-stage magnetically focused image tube and a

70-mm film transport, fiber optically coupled to each image tube.  One

camera is designed to operate in the 1200 - 1700 Angstrom region and

the other in the 1250-3200 Angstrom region.



        Unlike data from the other Astro instruments, which will be

electronically transmitted to the ground, UIT images will be recorded

directly onto a very sensitive astronomical film for later development

after Columbia lands.  UIT has enough film to make 2,000 exposures.  A

series of 11 different filters allows specific regions of the ultraviolet

spectrum to be isolated for energy-distribution studies.  After

development, each image frame will be electronically digitized to form

2,048 x 2,048 picture elements, or pixels, then analyzed further with

computers.



        UIT has a 15-inch diameter mirror with a 40-arc-minute field of

view -- about 25 percent wider than the apparent diameter of the full

moon.  UIT has the largest field of view of any



sensitive UV imaging instrument planned for flight in the 1990s. It will

photograph nearby galaxies, large clusters of stars and distant clusters of

galaxies.



        A 30-minute exposure (the length of one orbital night) will record a

blue star of 25th magnitude, a star about 100 million times fainter than

the faintest star visible to the naked eye on a dark, clear night.  Since

UIT makes longer exposures than previous instruments, fainter objects

will be visible in the images.



        The instrument favors the detection of hot objects which emit most

of their energy in the ultraviolet.  Common examples span the

evolutionary history of stars -- massive stars and stars in the final stages of

stellar evolution (white dwarfs).  Images of numerous relatively cool stars

that do not radiate much in the ultraviolet are suppressed, and UV

sources stand out clearly.



        The UIT's field of view is wide enough to encompass entire

galaxies, star clusters and distant clusters of galaxies.  This deep survey

mode will reveal many new, exciting objects to be studied further by

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.  Although the Hubble Space Telescope

will have a much higher magnification and record much fainter stars, the

UIT will photograph much larger regions all at once.  In addition, the

UIT will suffer much less interference from visible light, since it is

provided with "solar blind" detectors.  For certain classes of targets, such

as diffuse, ultraviolet-emitting or ultraviolet-scattering nebulae, UIT may

be a more sensitive imager.



        A wide selection of astronomical objects will be studied in this first

deep survey of cosmic phenomena in the ultraviolet.  The UIT is

expected to target hot stars in globular clusters to help explain how stars

evolve.  Another experiment may help astronomers learn whether

properties and distribution of interstellar dust are the same in all

galaxies.  High-priority objects are Supernova 1987A and vicinity, star

clusters, planetary nebulae and supernova remnants, spiral and "normal"

galaxies, the interstellar medium of other galaxies and clusters of

galaxies.





UIT Vital Statistics



        Sponsoring Institution:        NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

                                       (GSFC), Greenbelt, Md.

        Principal Investigator:        Theodore P. Stecher (NASA GSFC)

        Telescope Optics:              Ritchey-Chretien (variation of

                                       Cassegrain two-mirror system with

                                       correction over wide field of view)

        Aperture:                      15 in.

        Focal Ratio:                   f/9

        Field of View:                 40 arc minutes

        Angular Resolution:            2 arc seconds

        Wavelength Range:              1,200 A to 3,200 A

        Magnitude Limit:               25

        Filters:                       2 filter wheels, 6 filters each

        Detectors:                     Two image intensifiers with 70-mm film,

                                       1,000 frames each; IIaO astronomical

                                       film

        Exposure Time:                 Up to 30 minutes

        Weight:                        1,043 lb

        Size:                          32 inches in diameter

                                       12.4 ft. in length





THE BROAD BAND X-RAY TELESCOPE



        The Broad Band X-Ray Telescope (BBXRT) will provide astronomers

with the first high-quality spectra of many of the X-ray sources discovered

with the High Energy Astronomy Observatory 2, better known as the

Einstein Observatory, launched in the late 1970s.  BBXRT, developed at

NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., uses mirrors and

advanced solid-state detectors as spectrometers to measure the energy of

individual X-ray photons.  These energies produce a spectrum that

reveals the chemistry, structure and dynamics of a source.



        BBXRT is actually two 8-inch telescopes each with a 17 arc-minute

field of view (more than half the angular width of the moon).  The two

identical telescopes are used to focus X-rays onto solid-state

spectrometers which measure photon energy in electron volts in the

"soft" X-ray region, from 380 to 12,000 eV.  The use of two telescopes

doubles the number of photons that are detected and also provides

redundancy in case of a failure.



        X-ray telescopes are difficult to construct because X-ray photons are

so energetic that they penetrate mirrors and are absorbed.  A mirror

surface reflects X-rays only if it is very smooth and the photons strike it

at a very shallow angle.  Because such small grazing angles are needed,

the reflectors must be very long to intercept many of the incident X-rays.

Since even shallower angles are required to detect higher-energy X-rays,

telescopes effective at high energies need very large reflecting surfaces.



        Traditionally, X-ray telescopes have used massive, finely polished

reflectors that were expensive to construct and did not efficiently use the

available aperture.  The mirror technology developed for BBXRT consists

of very thin pieces of gold-coated aluminum foil that require no polishing

and can be nested very closely together to reflect a large fraction of the

X-rays entering the telescope.



        Because its reflecting surfaces can be made so easily, BBXRT can

afford to have mirrors using the very shallow grazing angles necessary to

reflect high-energy photons.  In fact, BBXRT is one of the first telescopes

to observe astronomical targets that emit X-rays above approximately

4,000 electron volts.



        The telescope will provide information on the chemistry,

temperature and structure of some of the most unusual and interesting

objects in the universe.  BBXRT can see fainter and more energetic

objects than any yet studied.  It will look for signs of heavy elements such

as iron, oxygen, silicon and calcium.  These elements usually are formed

in exploding stars and during mysterious events occurring at the core of

galaxies and other exotic objects.



        BBXRT will be used to study a variety of sources, but a major goal is

to increase our understanding of active galactic nuclei and quasars.  Many

astronomers believe that the two are very similar objects that contain an

extremely luminous source at the nucleus of an otherwise relatively

normal galaxy.  The central source in quasars is so luminous that the host

galaxy is difficult to detect.  X-rays are expected to be emitted near the

central engine of these objects, and astronomers will examine X-ray

spectra and their variations to understand the phenomena at the heart of

quasars.



        Investigators are interested in clusters of galaxies, congregations of

tens or thousands of galaxies grouped together within a few million light-

years of each other.  When viewed in visible light, emissions from

individual galaxies are dominant, but X-rays are emitted primarily from

hot gas between the galaxies.



        In fact, theories and observations indicate that there should be

about as much matter in the hot gas as in the galaxies, but all this

material has not been seen yet.  BBXRT observations will enable scientists

to calculate the total mass of a cluster and deduce the amount of "dark"

matter.



        A star's death, a supernova, heats the region of the galaxy near the

explosion so that it glows in X-rays.  Scientists believe that heavy

elements such as iron are manufactured and dispersed into the

interstellar medium by supernovas.  The blast or shock wave may produce

energetic cosmic ray particles that travel on endless journeys throughout

the universe and instigate the formation of new stars.  BBXRT detects

young supernova remnants (less than 10,000 years old) which are still

relatively hot.  Elements will be identified, and the shock wave's

movement and structure will be examined.



        BBXRT was not part of the originally selected ASTRO payload.  It

was added to the mission after the appearance of Supernova 1987A in

February 1987, to obtain vital scientific information about the supernova.

In addition, data gathered by BBXRT on other objects will enhance

studies that would otherwise be limited to data gathered with the three

ultraviolet

telescopes.





BBXRT Vital Statistics



        Sponsoring Institution:        NASA Goddard Space Flight Center,

                                       Greenbelt, Md.

        Principal Investigator:        Dr. Peter J. Serlemitsos

        Telescope Optics:              Two co-aligned X-ray telescopes with

                                       cooled segmented lithium-drifted

                                       silicon solid-state detectors in the

                                       focal planes

        Focal Length:                  12.5 ft. each, detection area 0.16 in.

                                       diameter pixel

        Focal Plane Scale:             0.9 arc minutes per mm

        Field of View:                 4.5 arc minutes (central element); 17

                                       arc minutes (overall)

        Energy Band:                   0.3 to 12 keV

        Effective Area:                765 cm2 at 1.5 keV, 300 cm2 at 7 keV

        Energy Resolution:             0.09 keV at 1 keV, 0.15 keV at 6 keV

        Weight:                        1,500 lb (680.4 kg)

        Size:                          40 inches in diameter

                                       166 inches in length





ASTRO CARRIER SYSTEMS



        The Astro observatory is made up of three co-aligned ultraviolet

telescopes carried by Spacelab and one X-ray telescope mounted on the

Two-Axis Pointing System (TAPS) and a special structure.



        Each telescope was independently designed, but all work together

as elements of a single observatory.  The carriers provide stable platforms

and pointing systems that allow the ultraviolet and X-ray telescopes to

observe the same target.  However, having two separate pointing systems

gives investigators the flexibility to point the ultraviolet telescopes at one

target while the X-ray telescope is aimed at another.





Spacelab



        The three ultraviolet telescopes are supported by Spacelab

hardware.  Spacelab is a set of modular components developed by the

European Space Agency and managed by the NASA Marshall Space Flight

Center, Hunstville, Ala.  For each Spacelab payload, specific standardized

parts are combined to create a unique design.  Elements are anchored

within the cargo bay, transforming it into a short-term laboratory in

space.



        Spacelab elements used to support the Astro observatory include

two pallets, a pressurized igloo to house subsystem equipment and the

Instrument Pointing System.  The pressurized Spacelab laboratory

module will not be used for Astro.  Rather, astronauts and payload

specialists will operate the payload from the aft flight deck of the orbiter

Columbia.





Pallets



        The ultraviolet telescopes and the Instrument Pointing System are

mounted on two Spacelab pallets -- large, uncovered, unpressurized

platforms designed to support scientific instruments that require direct

exposure to space.



     Each individual pallet is 10 feet long and 13 feet wide.  The basic

pallet structure is made up of five parallel U-shaped frames. Twenty-four

inner and 24 outer panels, made of aluminum alloy honeycomb, cover the

frame.  The inner panels are equipped with threaded inserts so that

payload and subsystem equipment can be attached.  Twenty-four standard

hard points, made of chromium-plated titanium casting, are provided for

payloads which exceed acceptable loading of the inner pallets.



     Pallets are more than a platform for mounting instrumentation.  With

an igloo attached, they also can cool equipment, provide electrical power

and furnish connections for commanding and acquiring data from

experiments.  Cable ducts and cable support trays can be bolted to the

forward and aft frame of each pallet to support and route electrical cables

to and from the experiments and the subsystem equipment mounted on

the pallet.  The ducts are made of aluminum alloy sheet metal.  In

addition to basic utilities, some special accommodations are available for

pallet-mounted experiments.



        For Astro-1, two pallets are connected together to form a single

rigid structure called a pallet train.  Twelve joints are used to connect the

two pallets.





Igloo



        Normally Spacelab subsystem equipment is housed in the core

segment of the pressurized laboratory module.  However, in "pallet only"

configurations such as Astro, the subsystems are located in a supply

module called the igloo.  It provides a pressurized compartment in which

Spacelab subsystem equipment can be mounted in a dry-air environment

at normal Earth atmospheric pressure, as required by their design.  The

subsystems provide such services as cooling, electrical power and

connections for commanding and acquiring data from the instruments.



        The igloo is attached vertically to the forward end frame of the first

pallet.  Its outer dimensions are approximately 7.9 feet in height and 3.6

feet in diameter.  The igloo is a closed cylindrical shell made of aluminum

alloy and covered with multi-layer insulation.  A removable cover allows

full access to the interior.



        The igloo consists of two parts.  The primary structure -- an

exterior cannister -- is a cylindrical, locally stiffened shell made of forged

aluminum alloy rings and closed at one end.  The other end has a

mounting flange for the cover.  A seal is inserted when the two structures

are joined together mechanically to form a pressure-tight assembly.



        There are external fittings on the cannister for fastening it to the

pallet, handling and transportation on the ground, and thermal control

insulation.  Two feed-through plates accommodate utility lines and a

pressure relief valve.  Facilities on the inside of the cannister are

provided for mounting subsystem equipment and the interior igloo

structure.  The cover is also a cylindrical shell, made of welded aluminum

alloy and closed at one end.  The igloo has about 77.7 cubic feet of

interior space for subsystems.



        Subsystem equipment is mounted on an interior or secondary

structure which also acts as a guide for the removal or replacement of the

cover.  The secondary structure is hinge-fastened to the primary

structure, allowing access to the bottom of the secondary structure and to

equipment mounted within the primary structure.





Instrument Pointing System



        Telescopes such as those aboard Astro-1 must be pointed with very

high accuracy and stability at the objects which they are to view.  The

Spacelab Instrument Pointing System provides precision pointing for a

wide range of payloads, including large single instruments or clusters of

instruments.  The pointing mechanism can accommodate instruments

weighing up to 15,432 pounds and can point them to within 2 arc

seconds and hold them on target to within 1.2 arc seconds.  The

combined weight of the ultraviolet telescopes and the structure which

holds them together is 9,131 pounds.



        The Instrument Pointing System consists of a three-axis gimbal

system mounted on a gimbal support structure connected to the pallet at

one end and the aft end of the payload at the other, a payload clamping

system for support of the mounted experiment during launch and landing

and a control system based on the inertial reference of a three-axis gyro

package and operated by a gimbal-mounted microcomputer.



        Three bearing-drive units on the gimbal system allow the payload to

be pointed on three axes:  elevation (back and forth), cross-elevation

(side to side) and azimuth (roll), allowing it to point in a 22-degree circle

around a its straight-up position.  The pointing system may be

maneuvered at a rate of up to one degree per second, which is five times

as fast as the Shuttle orbiter's maneuvering rate.  The operating modes of

the different scientific investigations vary considerably.  Some require

manual control capability, others slow scan mapping, still others high

angular rates and accelerations.  Performance in all these modes requires

flexibility achieved with computer software.



        The Instrument Pointing System is controlled through the Spacelab

subsystem computer and a data-display unit and keyboard.  It can be

operated either automatically or by the Spacelab crew from the module

(when used) and also from the payload station in the orbiter aft flight

deck.



        In addition to the drive units, Instrument Pointing System

structural hardware includes a payload/gimbal separation mechanism,

replaceable extension column, emergency jettisoning device, support

structure and rails and a thermal control system.  The gimbal structure

itself is minimal, consisting only of a yoke and inner and outer gimbals to

which the payload is attached by the payload-mounted integration ring.



        An optical sensor package is used for attitude correction and also

for configuring the instrument for solar, stellar or Earth viewing.  The

Astro-1 mission marks the first time the Instrument Pointing System has

been used for stellar astronomy.  Three star trackers locate guide stars.

The boresite tracker is in the middle, and two other trackers are angled

12 degrees from each side of the boresite.  By keeping stars of known

locations centered in each tracker, a stable position can be maintained.



        The three ultraviolet telescopes are mounted and precisely co-

aligned on a common structure, called the cruciform, that is attached to

the pointing system.





Image Motion Compensation System



        An image motion compensation system was developed by the

Marshall Space Flight Center to provide additional pointing stability for

two of the ultraviolet instruments.



        When the Shuttle thrusters fire to control orbiter attitude, there is

a noticeable disturbance of the pointing system.  The telescopes are also

affected by crew motion in the orbiter.  A gyro stabilizer senses the

motion of the cruciform which could disrupt UIT and WUPPE pointing

stability.  It sends information to the image motion compensation

electronics system where pointing commands are computed and sent to

the telescopes' secondary mirrors which make automatic adjustments to

improve stability to less than 1 arc second.



        The Astro-1's star tracker, designed by the NASA Jet Propulsion

Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., fixes on bright stars with well-known and

sends this information to the electronics system which corrects errors

caused by gyro drift and sends new commands to the telescopes' mirrors.

The mirrors automatically adjust to keep pointed at the target.





Broad Band X-ray Telescope and the Two-Axis Pointing System (TAPS)



        Developed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, these

pointing systems were designed to be flown together on multiple

missions.  This payload will be anchored in a support structure placed

just behind the ultraviolet telescopes in the Shuttle payload bay.  BBXRT

is attached directly to the TAPS inner gimbal frame.



        The TAPS will move BBXRT in a forward/aft direction (pitch)

relative to the cargo bay or from side to side (roll) relative to the cargo

bay.  A star tracker uses bright stars as a reference to position the TAPS

for an observation, and gyros keep the TAPS on a target.  As the gyros

drift, the star tracker periodically recalculates and resets the TAPS

position.





ASTRO OPERATIONS



        Operation of the Astro-1 telescopes will be a cooperative effort

between the science crew in orbit and their colleagues in a control

facility at the Marshall Space Flight Center and a support  control center

at Goddard Space Flight Center.  Though the crew and the instrument

science teams will be separated by many miles, they will interact with

one another to evaluate observations and solve problems in much the

same way as they would when working side by side.





On-Orbit Science Crew Activities



        The Astro science crew will operate the ultraviolet telescopes and

Instrument Pointing System from the Shuttle orbiter's aft flight deck,

located to the rear of the cockpit.  Windows overlooking the cargo bay

allow the payload specialist and mission specialist to keep an eye on the

instruments as they command them into precise position.  The aft flight

deck is equipped with two Spacelab keyboard and display units, one for

controlling the pointing system and the other for operating the scientific

instruments.  To aid in target identification, this work area also includes

two closed-circuit television monitors.  With the monitors, crew

members will be able to see the star fields being viewed by HUT and

WUPPE and monitor the data being transmitted from the instruments.



        The Astro-1 crew will work around the clock to allow the maximum

number of observations to be made during their mission.  The STS-35

commander will have a flexible schedule, while two teams of crew

members will work in 12-hour shifts.  Each team consists of the pilot or

flight mission specialist, a science mission specialist and a payload

specialist. The crew and the ground controllers will follow an observation

schedule detailed in a carefully planned timeline.



        In a typical Astro-1 ultraviolet observation, the flight crew member

on duty maneuvers the Shuttle to point the cargo bay in the general

direction of the astronomical object to be observed.  The mission

specialist commands the pointing system to aim the telescopes toward

the target.  He also locks on to guide stars to help the pointing system

remain stable despite orbiter thruster firings.  The payload specialist sets

up each instrument for the upcoming observation, identifies the celestial

target on the guide television and provides any necessary pointing

corrections for placing the object precisely in the telescope's field of

view.  He then starts the instrument observation sequences and monitors

the data being recorded.  Because the many observations planned create a

heavy workload, the payload and mission specialists work together to

perform these complicated operations and evaluate the quality of

observations.  Each observation will take between 10 minutes to a little

over an hour.



        The X-ray telescope requires little attention from the crew.  A crew

member will turn on the BBXRT and the TAPS at the beginning of

operations and then turn them off when the operations conclude.  The

telescope is controlled from the ground.  After the telescope is activated,

researchers at Goddard can "talk" to the telescope via computer.  Before

science operations begin, stored commands are loaded into the BBXRT

computer system.  Then, when the astronauts position the Shuttle in the

general direction of the source, the TAPS automatically points the BBXRT

at the object.  Since the Shuttle can be oriented in only one direction at a

time, X-ray observations must be coordinated carefully with ultraviolet

observations.





GROUND CONTROL



     Astro-1 science operations will be directed from a new Spacelab

Mission Operations Control facility at the Marshall Space Flight Center.

BBXRT will be controlled by commands from a supporting payload

operations control facility at Goddard.





Spacelab Mission Operations Control



        Beginning with the Astro-1 flight, all Spacelab science activities will

be controlled from Marshall's Spacelab Mission Operations Control

Center.  It will replace the payload operations control center at the

Johnson Space Center from which previous Spacelab missions have been

operated.  The Spacelab Mission Operations Control team is under the

overall direction of the mission manager.



        The Spacelab Mission Operations Control team will support the

science crew in much the same way that Houston Mission Control

supports the flight crew.  Teams of controllers and researchers at the

Marshall facility will direct all NASA science operations, send commands

directly to the spacecraft, receive and analyze data from experiments

aboard the vehicle, adjust mission schedules to take advantage of

unexpected science opportunities or unexpected results, and work with

crew members to resolve problems with their experiments.



        An air/ground communications channel, in addition to the one used

by the Mission Control Center in Houston, will be dedicated to

communications between the Alabama control facility and the science

crew aboard the Space Shuttle.  "Huntsville" will be the call sign from

space that astronauts will use to address their control team at the

Marshall facility.



        The Spacelab Mission Operations Control facility is located on two

floors of Building 4663 at the Marshall Space Flight Center.  Most of the

activity occurs in two work areas: the payload control area on the upper

floor from which the overall payload is monitored and controlled; and the

science operations area on the ground level, where scientists for the

individual telescopes monitor their instruments and direct observations.



        The payload control area is the hub of payload operations.

Communication with the crew, on-orbit and ground computer systems

monitoring, science activities, and even television camera operations are

marshalled from work stations in the control room.   Console operators in

the area are referred to as the payload operations control center (POCC)

cadre.  The cadre is made up of three teams under the leadership of the

payload operations director.



        The operations control team is responsible for real-time payload

control.  They make sure that the pre-planned observation schedule is

being followed and send commands to the instruments and instructions

to the crew.  Designated team members stay in voice contact with the the

on-board science crew via an air-to-ground communications loop.



        The data management team ensures that the science data needed

from the payload is scheduled and received properly.  The

responsibilities range from telling the on-board computer when to send

down the information it has been storing to scheduling TV transmissions

from orbit.



        The payload activities planning team is in charge of replanning the

payload crew activity schedule when anything from unexpected science

opportunities to equipment problems requires a change.  After a science

operations planning group makes rescheduling decisions for upcoming

shifts, the planning team determines the many adjustments that will

allow those changes to be accomplished.



        The POCC cadre also includes the mission scientist, who leads the

science operations planning group and acts as a liaison between the cadre

and the science investigator teams; the alternate payload specialist, a

backup crew member who helps with air-to-ground communications and

assists the mission scientist; and a public affairs commentator.



        The science operations area on the ground floor of the Spacelab

Mission Operations Control facility is staffed by teams of scientists and

engineers who developed the Astro-1 telescopes.  The principal

investigators and support groups for the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope,

the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope and the Wisconsin Photo-Polariameter

Experiment, along with the Broad Band X-ray telescope representatives

and a team monitoring the Marshall Space Flight Center's Image Motion

Compensation System share a large room in the science operations area.



        The teams monitor the data flowing back from each instrument,

evaluate the instruments' performance, and assess and analyze the

science information revealed by the data.  It is possible for the principal

investigator to talk directly with the crew member operating his

instrument if circumstances demand personal interaction.



        Engineers on the science teams provide inputs on instrument

performance and if necessary recommend alternate methods to maintain

optimal performance.  Scientists in each group evaluate the quality of data

given the scientific objectives.  They also may do preliminary analysis of

their data, though a complete study may take months or even years.



     Space astronomy is a fluid process because observations sometimes

produce unexpected results that demand more study than originally

planned during the mission.  In addition, hardware contingencies may

demand that some activities be rescheduled.  Any changes in the plan will

affect the observations of all four science teams.  Therefore,

representatives from each team participate in the twice-daily, science-

operations planning group meetings.  The science objectives and

viewpoints of the various teams are weighed; then the group agrees on

changes to the original activity plan.





BBXRT Payload Operations Control Center



        A special team located at a remote payload operations control

center at the Goddard Space Flight Center will operate the Broad Band X-

Ray Telescope and its Two-Axis Pointing System.  However, some

members of the BBXRT team will be stationed at the Marshall control

center to participate in science planning, and all commands issued to the

payload will be coordinated with the mission management team at

Marshall.  The two payload operations control centers will be linked via

voice communication so that teams at both places can confer.





ASTRO-1 HISTORY



        In February 1978, NASA issued an announcement of opportunity for

instruments that could travel aboard the Space Shuttle and utilize the

unique capabilities of Spacelab.  Three telescopes -- HUT, UIT, and

WUPPE -- evolved as a payload manifested as OSS-3 through 7, and these

missions were assigned to the Goddard Space Flight Center.  Because the

Instrument Pointing System and other Spacelab facilities were needed

for OSS-3, management was moved in 1982 to the Marshall Space Flight

Center.  The payload was renamed Astro.



        The Wide Field Camera was added to the payload in 1984 to make

detailed studies of Comet Halley, which was due to move through the

inner solar system in the spring of 1986.



        The instruments were constructed, and the observatory had

completed Spacelab integration and testing by January 1986.  Astro-1,

consisting of HUT, UIT, WUPPE and the Wide Field Camera, was ready

for orbiter installation when the Challenger accident occurred.



        After the accident, the instruments were removed from Spacelab

and stored.  Periodic checks were made during storage.  However,

because of the the long interval, the decision was made to examine and

recertify all of the Astro instruments.  As a part of this process, questions

arose in the summer of 1987 about the quality certifications of the bolts

used in the Astro-1 hardware.  Support structures and instrument and

electronics attachments were inspected for possible faulty bolts.  A total

of 298 bolts eventually were replaced.



        HUT was kept at Kennedy Space Center, but its spectrograph was

returned to The Johns Hopkins University in October 1988.  Although

protected from air and moisture by gaseous nitrogen, HUT's extremely

sensitive ultraviolet detector had degraded with time.  The detector was

replaced but failed to pass an acceptance review, and a third detector was

installed in January 1989.  An aging television camera was replaced in

May 1989.



        WUPPE's precise instruments also required recalibration after their

storage period.  Rather than ship the large, sensitive telescope back to

the University of Wisconsin where it was developed, astronomers there

built a portable vertical calibration facility and delivered it to the Kennedy

Space Center.  Calibration was completed in April 1989.



     WUPPE's power supplies for the spectrometer and for the zero order

detector were returned to the University of Wisconsin, where they were

modified to reduce output noise.



        UIT also stayed at Kennedy, where the power supply for its image

intensifier was replaced in August 1989.



        Because Comet Halley was no longer in position for detailed

observation, the Wide Field Camera was removed from the payload in the

spring of 1987.  In March of 1988, BBXRT was added to the Astro-1

payload.  Originally proposed in response to the 1978 announcement of

opportunity, BBXRT had been developed as one of three X-ray

instruments in a payload designated OSS-2.  This was renamed the

Shuttle High-Energy Astrophysics Laboratory and proposed for flight in

1992.  However, when Supernova 1987A occurred, BBXRT was

completed ahead of schedule and added to the Astro-1 payload.  The

addition would allow study of the supernova and other objects in X-ray as

well as ultraviolet wavelengths.



        The completed payload was tested at 6-month intervals.  Level IV

testing, in which instruments and command software are operated apart

from Spacelab pallets, was completed in August 1989.  The three

ultraviolet telescopes, the Instrument Pointing System and the igloo were

integrated with the Spacelab pallets for Level III testing, which

concluded in December 1989.  The pallet-mounted ultraviolet telescopes

and pointing system, as well as the BBXRT and its Two-Axis Pointing

System, were moved to the Cargo Integration Test Equipment stand

where testing was completed at the end of February 1990.



        Astro-1 was installed in Columbia's payload bay March 20, 1990.

Final integrated testing in the Orbiter Processing Facility between the

orbiter, payload, mission centers and satellite relays was completed

March 26-28.  Payload pad activities included installation of Ultraviolet

Imaging Telescope (UIT) film, removal of telescope covers, final pallet

cleaning and BBXRT argon servicing.





SHUTTLE AMATEUR RADIO EXPERIMENT (SAREX)



        Conducting shortwave radio transmissions between ground-based

amateur radio operators and a Shuttle-based amateur radio operator is

the basis for the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX).



        SAREX communicates with amateur stations in line-of-sight of the

orbiter in one of four transmission modes: voice, slow scan television

(SSTV), data or (uplink only) fast scan television (FSTV).



        The voice mode is operated in the attended mode while SSTV, data

or FSTV can be operated in either attended or unattended modes.



        During the mission, SAREX will be operated by Payload Specialist

Ron Parise, a licensed operator (WA4SIR), during periods when he is not

scheduled for orbiter or other payload activities.  At least four

transmissions will be made to test each transmission mode.



        The primary pair of frequencies intended for use during the

mission is 145.55 MHz as the downlink from Columbia, with 144.95 MHz

as the uplink.  A spacing of 600 KHz was deliberately chosen for this

primary pair to accommodate those whose split frequency capability is

limited to the customary repeater offset.



        SAREX crew-tended operating times will be dictated by the time of

launch.  As a secondary payload, SAREX will be operated by Parise during

his pre- and post-sleep activities each day.  This means that wherever the

Shuttle is above Earth during those operating windows, amateur stations

can communicate with Columbia.  Currently, those windows provide

coverage for Australia, Japan, South America and South Africa.



        The continental United States has little or no coverage except

through a network of ground stations in other parts of the world in

conjunction with relay links back to the United States.



        Another part of the SAREX is the "robot," providing an automated

operation which can proceed with little human intervention.  The robot

will generally be activated during one of the crew-tended windows and

deactivated during the next one.  This gives approximately 12 hours on

and 12 hours off for the robot, with the operational period chosen to

cover all of the U.S. passes.



        SAREX has previously flown on missions STS-9 and STS-51F in

different configurations, including the following hardware: a low-power

hand-held FM transceiver, a spare battery set, an interface (I/F) module,

a headset assembly, an equipment assembly cabinet, a television camera

and monitor, a payload general support computer (PGSC) and an antenna

which will be mounted in a forward flight window with a fast scan

television (FSTV) module added to the assembly.



        Antenna location does not affect communications and therefore

does not require a specific orbiter attitude for operations.  The

equipment is stowed in one middeck locker.



        SAREX is a joint effort of NASA and the American Radio Relay

League (ARRL)/Amateur Radio Satellite Corporation (AMSAT)





STS-35 COLUMBIA SAREX FREQUENCIES



                  Shuttle Transmit        Accompanying Shuttle

                       Frequency            Receive Frequencies



Group 1               145.55  MHz               144.95  MHz

                      145.55                    144.91

                      145.55                    144.97



Group 2               145.51                    144.91

                      145.51                    144.93

                      145.51                    144.99



Group 3               145.59                    144.99

                      145.59                    144.95



Group 4               145.55                    144.95

                      145.55                    144.70

                      145.55                    144.75

                      145.55                    144.80

                      145.55                    144.85



Note:   The 145.55/144.95 combination is in both Groups 1 and 4

        because alternate uplink frequencies from Group 1 would

        be used over North and South America while those from

        Group 4 would be used generally in other parts of the

        world.





"SPACE CLASSROOM, ASSIGNMENT: THE STARS"



     "Space Classroom" is a new NASA educational effort designed to

involve students and teachers in the excitement of Space Shuttle science

missions.  This new program joins more than 160 other educational

programs being conducted by NASA that use the agency's missions and

unique facilities to help educators prepare students to meet the nation's

growing need for a globally competitive work force of skilled scientists

and engineers.



        The first Space Classroom project, called Assignment: The Stars,

will capitalize on the December 1990 flight of Astro-1, a Space Shuttle

astronomy mission.  It is designed to spark the interest of middle school

students, encouraging them to pursue studies in mathematics, science

and technology.  It will offer educators an alternative approach to

teaching their students about the electromagnetic spectrum -- a science

concept that is required instruction in many classrooms in the United

States.



        Space Classroom, Assignment: The Stars, involves several

educational elements:  a lesson on the electromagnetic spectrum to be

taught live by the Astro-1 crew from the cabin of the Space Shuttle

Columbia during the flight; a supporting lesson to be taught from the

Astro-1 control center in Huntsville, Ala.; an Astro-1 teachers guide; an

Astro-1 slide presentation; a NASA educational satellite video conference

next fall; and post-flight video products suitable for classroom use.



        The major component of Assignment: The Stars will be a lesson

taught by members of the Astro-1 science crew from the Space Shuttle as

they orbit the Earth during the mission.  This 15-20 minute presentation

will focus on the electromagnetic spectrum and its relationship to the

high-energy astronomy mission.



        The crew presentation will be followed by demonstrations and

discussions of the concepts introduced by the crew from a classroom in

the Astro-1 control center at Marshall Space Flight Center.



        The lesson will conclude with an opportunity for some students

participating in the lesson from Marshall and students at Goddard Space

Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., to ask questions of the crew in orbit.

Students at both centers will participate in additional workshops, tours

and laboratory sessions.



        The lesson by the crew, the follow-up lesson from the Astro-1

control center and the question-answer session will be carried live on

NASA Select TV, Satcom satellite F2R, transponder 13, 3960 megahertz,

72 degrees West longitude.  NASA Select will carry continuous

programming of all mission events as well.  The lesson is tentatively

scheduled for the fifth day of the mission.



        Beginning about 1 week before launch, Astro-1 Update, a recorded

bulletin on the status of the Astro-1 mission and Space Classroom, will be

available by dialing 205/544-8504.



        In the fall of 1991, tapes of the lesson will available for a small fee

from NASA CORE, Lorain County Joint Vocational School, 15181 Route

58 South, Oberlin, Ohio, 44074 (phone:  216/ 774-1051).





ORBITER EXPERIMENTS PROGRAM



        The advent of operations of the Space Shuttle orbiter provided an

opportunity for researchers to perform flight experiments on a full-scale,

lifting vehicle during atmospheric entry.  In 1976, to take advantage of

this opportunity, NASA's Office of Aeronautics, Exploration and

Technology instituted the Orbiter Experiments (OEX) Program.



        Since the program's inception, 13 experiments have been

developed for flight.  Principal investigators for these experiments

represent NASA's Langley and Ames Research Centers, Johnson Space

Center and Goddard Space Flight Center.



        Six OEX experiments will be flown on STS-35.  Included among

this group will be five experiments which were intended to operate

together as a complementary set of entry research instrumentation.  This

flight marks the first time since the September 1988 return-to-flight

that the Langley experiments will fly as a complementary set.





Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS)



        The SEADS nosecap on the orbiter Columbia contains 14

penetration assemblies, each containing a small hole through which the

surface air pressure is sensed.  Measurement of the pressure levels and

distribution allows post-flight determination of vehicle attitude and

atmospheric density during entry.  SEADS, which has flown on three

previous flights of Columbia, operates in an altitude range of 300,000 feet

to landing.  Paul M. Siemers III, Langley, is the principal investigator.

Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer (SUMS)



        The SUMS experiment complements SEADS by enabling

measurement of atmospheric density above 300,000 feet.  SUMS samples

air through a small hole on the lower surface of the vehicle just aft of the

nosecap.  It utilizes a mass spectrometer operating as a pressure sensing

device to measure atmospheric density in the high altitude, rarefied flow

regime where the pressure is too low for the use of ordinary pressure

sensors.  The mass spectrometer incorporated in the SUMS experiment

was spare equipment originally developed for the Viking Mars Lander.

This is the first opportunity for SUMS to fly since STS-61C in January

1986.  Robert C. Blanchard and Roy J. Duckett, Langley, are co-principal

investigators.



        Both SEADS and SUMS provide entry atmospheric environmental

(density) information.  These data, when combined with vehicle motion

data, allow determination of in-flight aerodynamic performance

characteristics of the orbiter.





Aerodynamic Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP)



        The ACIP instrumentation includes triaxial sets of linear

accelerometers, angular accelerometers and angular rate gyros, which

sense the orbiter's motions during flight.  ACIP provides the vehicle

motion data which is used in conjunction with the SEADS environmental

information for determination of aerodynamic characteristics below about

300,000 feet altitude.



        The ACIP has flown on all flights of Challenger and Columbia.  David

B. Kanipe, Johnson Space Center, is the ACIP principal investigator.



High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP)



        This instrument is a triaxial, orthogonal set of highly sensitive

accelerometers which sense vehicle motions during the high altitude

portion (above 300,000 feet) of entry.  This instrument provides the

companion vehicle motion data to be used with the SUMS results.  HiRAP

has been flown on 11 previous missions of the orbiters Columbia and

Challenger.  Robert C. Blanchard, Langley, is the HiRAP principal

investigator.





Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS)



        This experiment uses a scanning infrared radiometer located atop

the vertical tail to collect infrared images of the orbiter's leeside (upper)

surfaces during entry, for the purpose of measuring the temperature

distribution and thereby the aerodynamic heating environment.  On two

previous missions, the experiment obtained images of the left wing.  For

STS-35, the experiment has been reconfigured to obtain images of the

upper fuselage.



        SILTS has flown on three Columbia flights.  David A. Throckmorton

and E. Vincent Zoby, Langley, are co-principal investigators.



Aerothermal Instrumentation Package (AIP)



        The AIP comprises some 125 measurements of aerodynamic

surface temperature and pressure at discrete locations on the upper

surface of the orbiter's left wing and fuselage, and vertical tail.  These

sensors originally were part of the development flight instrumentation

system which flew aboard Columbia during its Orbital Flight Test missions

(STS-1 through 4).  They have been reactivated through the use of an

AIP-unique data handling system.  Among other applications, the AIP data

provide "ground-truth" information for the SILTS experiment.



        The AIP has flown on two previous Columbia flights.  David A.

Throckmorton, Langley, is principal investigator.





STS-35 CREW BIOGRAPHIES



Vance D. Brand, 58, will serve as Commander.  Selected as an

astronaut in 1966, he considers Longmont, Colo., to be his

hometown.  STS-35 will be Brand's fourth space flight.



        Brand was Apollo Command Module Pilot on the Apollo-Soyuz Test

Project (ASTP) mission, launched on July 15, 1975.  This flight resulted

in the historic meeting in space between American astronauts and Soviet

cosmonauts.  The three-member U.S.crew spent 9 days in Earth orbit.



        Brand's second flight was as Commander of STS-5 in November

1982, the first fully operational flight of the Shuttle Transportation

System and first mission with a four person crew.  Brand next

commanded the 10th Space Shuttle mission aboard Challenger.  STS-41B

with its crew of five was launched Feb. 3, 1984.



        Prior to joining NASA, Brand was a commissioned officer and naval

aviator with the U.S. Marine Corps from 1953 to 1957.  Following release

from active duty, he continued in Marine Corps Reserve and Air National

Guard jet fighter squadrons until 1964.  Brand was employed as a civilian

by the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation from 1960 to 1966.  He was an

experimental test pilot on Canadian and German F-104 programs and has

logged 8,777 flying hours, which includes 7,312 hours in jets, 391 hours

in helicopters, 531 hours in spacecraft and checkout in more than 30

types of military aircraft.



Guy S. Gardner, 42, Col. USAF, will serve as Pilot.  Selected as an

astronaut in 1980, he considers Alexandria, Va., to be his hometown.

STS-35 will be his second Shuttle flight.



        Gardner was Pilot for STS-27, a 4-day flight of Atlantis launched

Dec. 2, 1988.  The mission carried a Department of Defense payload.  The

crew completed their mission with a lakebed landing at Edwards on Dec.

6.

        Gardner graduated from George Washington High School in

Alexandria in 1965.  He received a bachelor of science degree in

engineering sciences, astronautics and mathematics from the USAF

Academy in 1969 and a master of science degree in astronautics from

Purdue University in 1970.



        After completing pilot training, he flew 177 combat missions in

Southeast Asia in 1972 while stationed at Udorn, Thailand.  In 1973, he

flew F-4's and in 1975 attended the USAF Test Pilot School at Edwards.

In 1977-78 he was an instructor pilot at the USAF Test Pilot School.  He

has logged over 4,000 hours flying time and 105 hours in space.



Jeffrey A. Hoffman, 45, will serve as Mission Specialist 1 (MS1).  Selected

as an astronaut in 1978, he was born in Brooklyn, N.Y.  STS-35 will be his

second Shuttle flight.



        Hoffman was a Mission Specialist aboard Discovery on STS-51D,

which launched from the Kennedy Space Center in April 1985.  On this

mission, he made the first STS contingency spacewalk, in an attempted

rescue of the malfunctioning Syncom IV-3 satellite.



        Hoffman graduated from Scarsdale High School, Scarsdale, N.Y.,

and received a bachelor of arts degree in astronomy from Amherst

College in 1966.  He received a doctor of philosophy in astrophysics from

Harvard University in 1971 and a masters degree in materials science

from Rice University in 1988.



        At NASA, Hoffman has worked as the astronaut office payload safety

representative.  He also has worked on extravehicular activity (EVA),

including the development of a high-pressure space suit.



John M. "Mike" Lounge, 43, will be Mission Specialist 2 (MS2).

Selected as an astronaut in 1980, Lounge considers Burlington, Colo., to

be his hometown.  He will be making his third Shuttle flight.



        Lounge was a mission specialist on STS-51I conducted in August

1985.  During that mission his duties included deployment of the

Australian AUSSAT communications satellite and operation of the remote

manipulator system (RMS) arm.  The crew deployed two other

communications satellites and also performed a successful on-orbit

rendezvous and repair of the ailing SYNCOM IV-3 satellite.  His second

flight was aboard Discovery on STS-26 in September 1988.



        Lounge graduated from Burlington High School in 1964 and

received a bachelor of science degree in physics and mathematics from

the U.S. Naval Academy in 1969 and a master of science degree in

astrogeophysics from the University of Colorado in 1970.  At NASA,

Lounge now serves as Chief of the Space Station Support Office which

works with design and operation of the Freedom space station.

Robert Allan Ridley Parker, 53, will serve as Mission Specialist 3

(MS3).  Selected as an astronaut in 1967, he grew up in Shrewsbury,

Mass., and will be making his second Shuttle flight.



        Parker was a member of the astronaut support crews for Apollo 15

and 17 missions.  He served as a mission specialist on Columbia's sixth

space flight, STS-9, in November 1983 which was the first Spacelab

mission.



        Parker attended primary and secondary schools in Shrewsbury,

Mass.; received a bachelor of arts degree in astronomy and physics from

Amherst College in 1958, and a doctorate in astronomy from the

California Institute of Technology in 1962.



Samuel T. Durrance, 46, will serve as a Payload Specialist.

Durrance is a research scientist in the Department of Physics and

Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.  He considers

Tampa, Fla., his hometown.



        Durrance has made International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite

observations of Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus.  He helped

develop special pointing techniques needed to observe solar system

objects with that satellite.  His main astronomical interests are in the

origin and evolution of planets, both in this solar system and around other

stars.



        Durrance received a bachelor of science degree and a master of

science degree in physics from California State University and a doctor of

philosophy degree in astrogeophysics from the University of Colorado.



Ronald A. Parise, 38, also will serve as a Payload Specialist.  Parise

is a senior scientist in the Space Observatories Department, Computer

Science Corporation in Silver Spring, Md.  He is a member of the

research team for the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope, one of the

instruments scheduled for flight as part of the Astro payload.  He is from

Warren, Ohio.



        Parise has participated in flight hardware development, electronic

system design and mission planning activities for the Ultraviolet Imaging

Telescope project.  He is pursuing his astronomical research interests

with the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite under a NASA grant.

Parise also will conduct the Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX)

during the STS-35 mission.



        He received a bachelor of science degree in physics, with minors in

mathematics, astronomy and geology from Youngstown State University,

Ohio, and a master of science degree and a doctor of philosophy degree

in astronomy from the University of Florida.





STS-35 MISSION MANAGEMENT



Office of Space Flight



Dr. William B. Lenoir - Associate Administrator

Joseph B. Mahon - Director, Flight Systems

Robert L. Crippen - Director, Space Shuttle

Leonard S. Nicholson - Deputy Director, Space Shuttle (Program)

Brewster Shaw - Deputy Director, Space Shuttle (Operations)





Office of Space Science and Applications

Dr. Lennard A. Fisk - Associate Administrator

Alphonso V. Diaz - Deputy Associate Administrator

Robert Benson - Director, Flight Systems Division

Dr. Charles Pellerin, Jr. - Director, Astrophysics Division

William Huddleston - Astro Program Manager

Dr. Edward Weiler - Astro Program Scientist

Dr. David Huenemoerder - Deputy Program Scientist





Office of Space Operations



Charles T. Force - Associate Administrator

Eugene Ferrick - Director, Tracking & Data Relay Satellite

                           Systems Division

Robert M. Hornstein - Director, Ground Networks Division





Ames Research Center



Dr. Dale L. Compton - Director

Victor L. Peterson - Deputy Director





Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility



Kenneth J. Szalai - Site Manager

Theodore G. Ayers - Deputy Site Manager

Thomas C. McMurtry - Chief, Research Aircraft

                     Operations Division

Larry C. Barnett - Chief, Shuttle Support Office





Goddard Space Flight Center



Dr. John Klineberg - Director

Peter T. Burr - Director of Flight Projects

Dale L. Fahnestock - Director of Mission Operations and

                      Data Systems Directorate

Dr. Theodore Gull - Astro Mission Scientist

Frank Volpe - BBXRT Manager

Bruce Thoman - BBXRT Operations Manager





Johnson Space Center



Aaron Cohen - Director

Eugene F. Kranz - Director, Mission Operations

Franklin Brizzolara - Payload Integration Manager





Kennedy Space Center



Forrest S. McCartney - Director

Jay Honeycutt - Director, Shuttle Management & Operations

Robert B. Sieck - Launch Director

John T. Conway - Director, Payload Management & Operations

Joanne H. Morgan - Director, Payload Project Management

Robert Sturm - Astro-1 Launch Site Support Manager





Langley Research Center



Richard H. Petersen - Director

W. Ray Hook - Director for Space

James P. Arrington - Chief, Space System Division





Marshall Space Flight Center



T. Jack Lee - Director

Jack Jones - Astro Mission Manager

Stuart Clifton - Assistant Mission Manager

Dr. Eugene Urban - Deputy Mission Scientist

Thomas Rankin - Payload Operations Director

Fred Applegate - Payload Operations Director

Steven Noneman - Payload Operations Director



Using RINGBACK in the NPA (502) by Predat0r





Ringback is used by the phone company to test a line to make sure it is

working. Anyone can do it from their own home phone. The format is as

follows. NXX-XXXX. Where NXX is the ringback prefix, and XXXX is the last

four digits of the calling station. (your phone number) Some exceptions to

this are non Bell-Systems exchanges like (GTE, et al.)



The following are ringback prefixs listed in decreasing order of use.

958 - 959 - 750 - 350 - 270 - and 820



Examples: NPA-NXX-XXXX / 502-958-1234 You do not need the area code, just

use the format NXX-XXXX in example NXX = 958 ringback prefix and the

XXXX = the calling stations last four digits.



If the correct ringback code is dialed an ESS "dialtone" will be heard. At this

point a DTMF test is available if the calling line has touch tone

service. Press 1234567890 in a 15 second period and a double burst of a

single tone will interrupt the "dialtone" to indicate proper functioning. If

a wrong digit is hit the test will reset in 15 seconds with a single, single

tone burst.



To activate ringback: Flash the hookswitch like using call waiting and the

dialtone will be replaced with a single tone. Go on hook and the station will

ring. Pick up the phone and the single tone returns. Going on hook again or

pressing a key will terminate the procedure, but flashing again and hanging

up will allow the procedure to be repeated.





This text file is for informational purposes only. But everything works, and

Ma-Bell really can't do anything to you for using ringback so have fun.









                      BREAK THE SYSTEM

                         WIN-$25,000



                         The TymCard

                       25,000 CHALLENGE



       IQ, Inc., is about to release an anti-fraud "smart

card"called TymCard, to be used by long distance telephone

companies to help eliminate calling card fraud. We belive our

product to be unbeatable. To detect any possible flaws in our

system. IQ,Inc.,is offering a prize of $25,000 to the first person

who can demonstrate that he or she has been able to access the

system, at any time, by being able to generate a valid code at

will. Accessing the system DOES NOT mean "breaking" one or more

existing TymCards as that only allows temporary and insignificant

access to the system.



 EXAMPLE: If you knew the numbers of one or more TELECO calling

cards, you would be able to make long distance calls that would be

charged to that card- until you were discovered- and that number

was deacivated. If,however, you had a "Blue box", you would be able

to make calls at any time. You were able to "break the system"

without need for any calling numbers. The only permanent solution,

as far as TELECO was concerned, was to change the system which, in

effect, "deactivated" the Blue box.



  A condition of this challenge is that you supply to IQ,Inc., the

details on how you were able to "crack the system" and assist

IQ.Inc., to correct the flaw.



  Each respondant to this challenge will be invited to a meeting

with members of our staff. At this meeting you will be given much

more technical information about TymCard as well as a decription of

the service.



  Please note that there is absolutely and positivly no charge to

you to accept this challenge. If you desire to "borrow" an active

TymCard that will allow you to test the system at any time, we ask

for 50.00 cash deposit. This deposit will be returned to you, in

full, upon the TymCard being returned to IQ.,Inc, as agreed.



   ===============================================================

     If you are interested, please call (818) 592-0423

for more information as to the time and location of the next meeting.

   ===============================================================



  NOTE: If you are not located in the Los Angeles area please call

the number to arrang for complete information to be sent to you by

mail.





 Typed by TECHNO-COWBOY







    Abbreviations for common computer hackers to know. Phile #1



    [][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]



(c) Predat0r 1990



This file is to help explain what some of the more commonly used terms

are and what they actually mean. I will try and send out more of these

to inform the fellow beginning hackers out there. If you have questions

i can be reached at the following boards. Blitzkrieg 502-499-8933 and

AMW BBS 502-491-2749. This list is in no way complete, so look

for more to come.





AT&T - American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation

BBS - Bulletin Board System

CA - Certifying Authority

CCSEP - Commercial Communications Security Enhancement Program

DAC - Discretionary Access Control

DARPA - Defense Advanced Research Projects

DEC - Digital Equipment Corporation

DES - Data Encryption Standard

DMS - Defense Message System

DOD - Departemnt of Defense

DOE - Department of Energy

LAN - Local Area Network

LAVA - Los Alamos Vulnerability Assessment

MAC - Mandatory Access Control

MSP - Message Security Protocol

NCSC - National Computer Security Center

NSDD - National Security Decision Directive

ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory

OSI - Open Systems Interconnection

RAND - Research and Development Corporation

SCOMP - Secure Communications Processor

TAP - Technological Assistance Program

TG - Technical Guide

TPDU - Transport Protocol Data Unit

TRUSIX - Trusted Unix

VMS - Virtual Memory System















This is a small list of boards in California...



213-324-0218  The world famous S.W.A.M.P.S.                       [2400] (AMPS)

213-634-8993  Target Range                                        [2400] (XPST)

213-518-9524  Masatek BBS                                         [14.4] (FORM)

213-543-5483  The Travelling BBS                                  [2400] (UBBS)

213-327-2255  K & L Telecatalog                                   [2400] (WWIV)

213-831-1471  The Anarchist Express                               [2400] (WWIV)

213-973-7216  SnowDog's Lair                                      [2400] (XPRS)

213-498-8824  LBACE LINE!  Supporting LBACE! Atari 8 & ST!        [2400] (FORM)

213-438-6812  Gemini BBS  Cool Atari/Amiga BBS                    [2400] (EXST)

213-921-0055  The Bookstore   Lots of Atari 8 & ST Files!         [2400] (EXPR)

213-860-0473  Half Moon BBS   IBM, Atari ST, Amiga Support        [2400] (WWIV)

213-869-4663  Programmers Network   IBM/MAC/AMIGA/ATARI ST!       [2400] (WWIV)

213-408-2950  The Pathway BBS   GT Power BBS  IBM  9600 HST       [9600] (GTPW)

213-860-7270  Mt. Olympus!  WWIV Supporting IBM/Amiga/Atari ST    [2400] (WWIV)

213-860-9171  The Wine Cooler  Running WWIV 4.11!                 [2400] (WWIV)

619-726-0357  Morrison's Hotel - Cool place for filez! 8-Bits!!!  [2400] (UFP!)

213-655-0691  Lunatic Labratories                                 [2400] (OTHR)

213-864-1772  The Joshua Tree BBS     Atari and IBM               [2400] (FORM)

213-562-0207  The Nightlight                                      [2400] (EXPR)

213-644-8104  Ground Zero- GK is back at it- The Next Generation  [2400] (WWIV)

213-782-2280  Devonshire Castle - ST and IBM.  Great system.      [2400] (WWIV)

213-376-5372  Hitchhiker's Guide BBS - 9pm to 5am only!           [2400] (UBBS)

415-376-8060  Skeleton Crue, loads of text, phreak/anarchy        [1200] (WWIV)

213-371-8321  Grid Point                                          [2400] (CNET)





Taken from The Anarchist Express







                      NYNEX SERVICE COMPANY

                       Operations Services

                        COSMOS Transition



by: Nightcrawler





TO ALL COSMOS (NYNEX/NET/NYT) USERS:



functionality of TIRKS.



advances made in computing technology during that time frame.



fourth quarter of 1992.



survey..."



asynchronous pathways to SWITCH:]



SYNCHRONOUS USERS          ===============================

(LAC, NAC, RSB, SPEC, SWAD) |       SWITCH                |

       |                    |                             |

       |----------------->  ===============================



                             || * APP to APP          || * APP to APP

              ==========================================================

              ||        FUSA                 ||       FOMS            ||

              ||  inq, fce, mmc, tpu         ||for, fwm, foi(like soi)||

              ||      rqf, ddo               ||fol(like sol), ijr, ufo||

              ==========================================================

                      ?                                                   |     ASYNCHRONOUS USERS      |

                      |    (FRAME, RCMAC, CCRS)     |



The following is a buffer from the Red Phone bbs / Former home to ATI!



Reread Previous

#4724 - BBS/Telecom



From: CHARLES GOLD (#55)

Date: 04/15/90 - 5:13 pm

Subj: 201.445.1528



Informative (And Sometimes Controversial) Discussions With Interesting People.

The Night Owl EBBS - 201-445-1528  2400/1200/300 24 Hrs./7 Days A Week.





Replies: #4728









#4728 - BBS/Telecom





From: STAINLESS STEEL RAT (#58)

Date: 04/15/90 - 10:48 pm

Subj: (R)201.445.1528



After that call....





2

0

1



9

1

6



0

4

2

5



         201 916 0425





         ~~~~~         Worshop Of

            The

         Telescopes

        ~~~~~~



Sysop: Desdinova



Soon with 30 Megs!?!

MY GOD!!!



(...)











#4739 - BBS/Telecom





From: TI-MAN (#64)

Date: 04/16/90 - 7:08 pm

Subj: A (@@L BBS.





           You thought it would be happening soon, but didn't know when,



TI-MAN'S ROOM BBS is going 24 hours at a NEW Number.  When you have finished

calling here, call TI-MAN'S ROOM BBS at it's NEW NUMBER: (201)-338-3569.

We will be open 24 HOURS a day, 7 DAYS A WEEK, running PBBS V.3.20 AT 300/1200

AND 2400 Baud at 8/N/1.



                                   Sysop-TI-MAN

                                   Co's-ULTRA, UenturA, XYNAMAX





Remember: When you finish here, call TI-MAN'S ROOM at it's new #, (201)338-3569

..



                                      Thank You,



                                        Matt











#4753 - BBS/Telecom





From: TRICLOPS (#52)

Date: 04/17/90 - 1:39 pm

Subj: Workshop



Anyone know why

The Workshop of the Telescopes

is down??? When you call the recording  says the number has been temporarily

disconnected.

TrIcLoPs

~~~~



::::

::::::::

: :  : :





Replies: #4758 #4779 #4786









#4758 - BBS/Telecom





From: GROUND ZERO (#2)

Date: 04/17/90 - 4:56 pm

Subj: (R)Workshop



I guess Des didn't pay his fone bill.. :(









Replies: #4779 #4786







#4779 - BBS/Telecom





From: STAINLESS STEEL RAT (#58)

Date: 04/19/90 - 5:15 pm

Subj: (R)Workshop



Des Cut His Phone Bill A Bit Close.



It sWill Be Up Shortly. With the 22 Megs Soon.....A Few Weeks Hopefully.



(...)





Replies: #4786







#4786 - BBS/Telecom





From: TI-MAN (#64)

Date: 04/19/90 - 11:58 pm

Subj: (R)Workshop



Shame On you, Des.  I can't wait 'till it goes up again, as I have to tell him

somethin'.  I guess it can wait, tho.



                  TI-MAN



TI-MAN'S ROOM BBS- (201)-338-3569  24 Hours/7 Days, 300/1200/2400  Baud,

8/N/1.











#4742 - Upcoming Events







#4709 - Telecom Fun





From: MAD SCIENTIST (#25)

Date: 04/14/90 - 12:56 am

Subj: (R)Aliance...



   Ugh, warez here?  I don't think it would be too great.  I wouldnt mind

seeing some new filez like phrack and fun though...most warez for c64 suck

now..I run a bbs(which supposedly has 0-1 day warez..heh) although I have no

idea why..I hate commodore games..actually I hate all games now...I always

feel like im scapping when I dl stuff here...but I know were not really

supposed to ul stuff unless we ask..oh well..definitly put those filez up

though...



         Mad Scientist









Replies: #4714 #4741 #4743





#4714 - Telecom Fun





From: STAINLESS STEEL RAT (#58)

Date: 04/14/90 - 5:06 pm

Subj: (R)Aliance...



I amlost feel the same about the amiga. i like the word proccedor more than

the games. but i still..for some starnge reson. Get games. i dont even play

them. sheesh.



(...)





Replies: #4741 #4743









#4741 - Telecom Fun





From: DRUID OF ORANGE (#71)

Date: 04/16/90 - 9:53 pm

Subj: (R)Aliance...



I want into this outfit!

Who do I have to kill?





DRUID OF ORANGE

0



TCC WANNABE





Replies: #4743









#4743 - Telecom Fun





From: AIRBORNE (#60)

Date: 04/16/90 - 11:05 pm

Subj: (R)Aliance...



Yea, I think I would like to be in as well, GZ - Wanna let me join?  If you

let me I could make my handle look /<00llike AIRBORNE/TCC or ->AIRBORNE<-

                        T-C-C or something to that effect!..    L8a

                        AIRBORNE

.s









#4711 - Telecom Fun





From: TRUE CHEX (#46)

Date: 04/14/90 - 1:49 am

Subj: (R)#99



TCC? Great! GZ, I didn't know you are a TCC member...

If you meet or phone Cursor/U

send him greetings from me and tell him to call me please

Bye

  True Chex





Replies: #4712 #4715 #4719 #4720 #4759









#4712 - Telecom Fun





From: DEMENTED PHREAK (#10)

Date: 04/14/90 - 2:26 am

Subj: (R)#99



The Criminal Connection Members are as follows:



            Ground Zero  (Founder)

            Sk8 the Skinhead

            Repro   (Co-Founder?)

            Cursor

            The Flash

            Demented Phreak  (me)







Replies: #4715 #4719 #4720 #4759





#4715 - Telecom Fun





From: THE MASQUE (#27)

Date: 04/14/90 - 5:39 pm

Subj: (R)#99



Didnt sk8 get nailed? I thought he did...

<Then again maybee he didnt and I was trippin>









Replies: #4719 #4720 #4759





#4719 - Telecom Fun





From: DEMENTED PHREAK (#10)

Date: 04/15/90 - 3:54 am

Subj: (R)#99



Yes he did, but he's still in he group...   Now for some interesting computer

info.  Let's play name that system, here goes:



                  * * * * * Predicted * * * * *

                Trunk outage results summary report



Current Period               Local      Toll    Inter    Aux     Total

---------------              ------     -----   ------   ----    ------

Number of trunks             1267       1099     95      81      2542



There's more but I'll type it later if anyone really cares.   Heres a nother:



               Mechanized Screener

 * MLT Summary  Ver:NV   CVER:



   DC RES TR:      TG:  RG:

   DC V   TR:      TG:  RG:

   AC RES TR:      TG:  RG:



* CABLE & ASSIGNMENT DATA    OE:

  NPA WC      CABLE PAIR    BP COLOR      TERMINAL ADDRESS





Replies: #4720 #4759





#4720 - Telecom Fun





From: DEMENTED PHREAK (#10)

Date: 04/15/90 - 4:02 am

Subj: (R)#99



Here's some more:



* REC CODE:D5  DIGS AS OUPLUSED:PRE-SUFF

  DATA CALL ID: A  INFO DIGITS:40  CONS NO:FF  SUBGRP: 0  TRMTYPE:3

  TRMID:044A0029AAA0  RTE INFO:0  DAY=089  TIME: HR=10 MIN=12 SEC=44

  ELASPED TIME=000025  ORIG FC:0   TERM FC:0   CLD NO:PRE-SUFF





I know the first two (see if you do)  But the second one has got me.....

later

DP_TCC





Replies: #4759

#4759 - Telecom Fun





From: GROUND ZERO (#2)

Date: 04/17/90 - 4:58 pm

Subj: (R)#99



Please tell us what those systems are. They look like COSMOS, but I could be

wrong..





#4721 - Telecom Fun





From: THE MASQUE (#27)

Date: 04/15/90 - 11:27 am

Subj: Check out newswire



at @20242 on telenet...

choose term id 17(for commie vt52) I found that easiest to read... type:wire

then it will say good day welcome to wire... then will ask for resubmition if

identification... just type wire again...



later...



<some interesting storiez on there...>









Replies: #4760 #4771





#4760 - Telecom Fun





From: GROUND ZERO (#2)

Date: 04/17/90 - 5:01 pm

Subj: (R)Check out newswire



Cool! I'll have to try it out!







Replies: #4771









#4771 - Telecom Fun





From: HACKER (#118)

Date: 04/18/90 - 8:15 pm

Subj: (R)Check out newswire



I cheked out that Newswire thing..was kewl..had to play with the terminal

emulation ALOT to get it workin with the amiga.



#4763 - Telecom Fun





From: DEMENTED PHREAK (#10)

Date: 04/18/90 - 2:32 am

Subj: sys's



The first one I'm pretty sure is a PREDICTOR, maybe not though.  The second

is a front end LMOS (unless MLT has it's own database) and the last MAY BE a

DNR report, you'd hafta look at the whole thing to tell.  I gotta go, bye





Replies: #4764 #4781



#4764 - Telecom Fun





From: ANDROID POPE (#53)

Date: 04/18/90 - 9:55 am

Subj: (R)sys's



      Hmm, I think I missed something....

Anyhow, I don't know if I mentioned that the LOD d00dz are gonna be in

the next issue of NewsWeek.  At least, that's what I heard.  I picked

up the new one (with the simpsons on the front) and couldn't find it there,

so maybe next week....



   Also, the latest newspaper article about LOD said that there will be

indictments (or whatever they're called) passed down within a month

for the Texas Members of LOD.  And that D.A.'s from around the country

are getting together to make one big case against the entire group...

Uh, Oh.   Looks like these guys aren't fooling around....



+-AP-+





Replies: #4781





#4781 - Telecom Fun





From: URBAN LIVIDITY (#43)

Date: 04/19/90 - 9:25 pm

Subj: (R)sys's



  Anyone get Telephony mag?  the LOD incident was in there..



  URban is back!.. Drop me some mail with some info.



URban Lividity



#4770 - Telecom Fun



From: NEUROMANCER (#110)

Date: 04/18/90 - 5:40 pm

Subj: (R)Phracks and other files.



Ya,ya....I'd be interested in seeing some more of Phrack,too.



Especially now that the ATI's are so widely spaced apart.



(Hint,hint...)



       <:*:> Neuromancer <:*:>



#4772 - Telecom Fun





From: SK8 THE SKINHEAD (#13)

Date: 04/19/90 - 9:31 am

Subj: Heywhat



       Hey whats up...dudes..longtime....im at a friends house.   Im sure we

all know  that even thou i was busted im still as professional as ever the

catc is im almostpositive that a narc nared on me...heh ..ive decided that my

EITE megatime TRW file should be released..and sent  everywhere on the bbs's

 ill have Gz throw it up sometime soon..only a couple people got it..so

far..anfrom what they tell me they like it.  well till the next 0700 etc

Sl8z....ifyou need to contact me notify the sysop thru feedback.







#4782 - Telecom Fun





From: URBAN LIVIDITY (#43)

Date: 04/19/90 - 9:27 pm

Subj: Paid hacking!



   I do part-time contract hacking for this corp. in Reston, VA.  They are

looking for Unix security experts/hacking to do contract work from home.  They

reimburse you for ld calls made to systems and pay you on just what you find

out plus hourly.  It's too true to believe.  Send your resume and cover letter

to:



           Washington Synectics International

           Suite 310

           11120 South Lakes Drive

           Reston, VA 22091

           Attn: Lucia R.





URban Lividity



*** END OF MESSAGES ***











+--------------------------+

!       Locker Docs        !

!                          !

! Complete documentaion to !

!   your school locker     !

!                          !

! The first in the series  !

! "Vandalism: A Tutorial"  !

!                          !

! By: Cablecast 0perator   !

! and Silver Sphere        !

+--------------------------+



Before we start, if you are friends with counselors that let you borrow

their keys, steal the master for all the lockers in your school. You may

now ignore the rest of this file.



:=> Waht You Need

 3/8" Hex Driver

 Adjustable Wrench(es)

 Needlenose Pliers

 Moby Pliers (Vise-Grips work REAL

              well!)

 6" Steel Rod or Small Crow Bar

 Small Standard Screwdriver

 Large Standard Screwdriver

 Phillipshead Screwdriver

 Moderate Size Claw Hammer



:=> Taking Over

 At the beginning of each school year, there are a good deal of unused

lockers around the school. If one of these is near your next class, slap a

padlock on it; we'll get into putting a school lock on it later...

 Every school has at least one designated "Garbage Locker". Find it

(them), they can be used to your advantage!

 If a locker you want already has an owner, no problem! Read the next

section for more information...

 If you have a large suppy of padlocks (which every locker

destroyer has!), be sure to put them on the ones that you want so you'll

have it later when we go to put a school-issued lock on it later.



:=> Getting In

 Now the real challenge begins! The hardest part of all of this is

getting in the thing in the first place! But it's easy if you know the

tricks of the trade:

> Padlocks (Combination or Key)

 Here's where we get to use the crow bar! Slip it between the lock and the

latch on the locker, while going between the two rods of the shank.

Apply serious downward force. This takes 'em off so disgustingly easily.

it's not fair! As a matter of fact, we can rip Master key locks off with

a crummy hex driver!



> Destroying the Thing

 If you are so pissed as to rip the lock off and take over by force, be

sure this is your last resort! You leave little marks on the paint, but

a cheap can of canary yellow or what ever color you loker may be will take

care of that. Get the crowbar again. One end should fit between the dial

and the door. If not, pry it open a little with one of the screwdrivers.

Rip the dial off without mercy. The lock itself will fall inside the locker

after the bolts snap and will be free for opening! If you can get a

new dial for the lock you ripped off, try to get it on so you have another

usable lock.



> Going Through The Combination

 Getting in this way is rare, but welcomed. Spend an afternoon

wandering the halls looking at the walls, ledges, doors, around a

lockers wherever a combination can be written without being easily seen. If

you find one, try it out-CAREFULLY! Once you get one that works, steal

it!



> Pennied Lockers

 Now we're talking REALLY rare! But these are real easy to spot. Walk

around looking at the latch. If it is sticking up a mile higher than the

others, give it a tug. Some of them stick that high naturally or if the

locker is over-filled, so watch for those.



:=> Once You're In

 All right, you FINALLY got the locker open and the lock is intact.

Look around. Steal anything of value. Now, let's get the lock, ok? See

those two nuts above and below the lock on the inside of the door? Get

the 3/8" hex driver and remove them. Now grab the dial and the lock and

pull free from the door. Try not to move the dial-it's a real pain in the

ass getting it back right! Refasten the nuts and take it to new location,

and re-install it on the new locker repeating the steps. If the dial does

not go in at first, frob with it awhile until it seats into the lock.

Congrats! You now have just taken over your first locker!



> Ripping Out The Walls!

 If you are on the right side of a wall, you can remove it with little

difficulty and get into the locker next to yours. Use the same hex driver

and unfasten the nuts holding it in. Watch out for the shelf, though!



:=> Garbage Lockers

As mentioned above, garbage lockers can be very useful. These usually

evidant the first 2-3 months of school. They reach maturity in about 1-6

months depending on use. The custodians come and clean and

disinfect it thoroughly, killing wahtever new forms of life you may

have developed. They then will usually put a school-owned padlock on it.

Now, scince it's clean, and you know how to get padlocks off, we say it's

ripe for picking!

 You previously have been opening lockers seeing if they are worth

conquering, and how come across a trash locker. Maybe you contributed

an unwanted apple, someone's homework, etc to it. You suddenly

notice one day that the janitors have taken it over. Immediately, you

snap the lock off and you have a nice clean locker.



:=> When To Do Your Vandalism

 1. At lunch

 2. Skip a period

 3. After school

(1) Possibly hard to do. Either no one is allowed around school or

everyone is eating at their lockers.

(2) May cause difficulties. That is, unless you are already failing that

class.

(3) This is great. Join some stupid club and then leave early everyday.

Now you have enough time to swipe a few! You could also get a job

at school with the janitors or as a techie. Now you have lots of time

when the school is empty and you have access to MORE TOOLS!



:=> Rating Of Padlocks By Brand

> Combination

 Guard- This is the cheapest piece of shit that we've ever run across!

The case is undoubtedly in two peices, and most often, there are cracks

around the edges. Now turn it over and look on the back. See those two rivets?

We took TWO of these off with a SNEAKER!

 American- Okay. Getting a little harder to get off now. The shank is

'left-handed', and the dial is firmly secured.

 Master- Supposedly 'top-of-the-line', but still can be removed with a little

pressure. LEAN ON THAT MOTHER!



> Key

 Master- Several million of these, no reason to break one off as of yet.

 Sears- One peice case, gave us a little trouble to take off with

our hex driver.



:=> Glossary Of Most-Used Terms



Padlock- any self-comtained removable lock characterized by a steel shank.

Usually requires key or combination to open.



Dial- Circular unit found on the outside of a school locker used to

dial the combination.



Lock- The unit mounted inside the locker that prevents the latch from

moving when the combination has not been dialed.



Shank- Steel semicircle on a padlock that will lock when pushed into the

case of a padlock.



Latch- What you push, pull or twist to get a locker open.



Door- Hinged wall on a locker. Most of the time, the only way into a

locker.



Locker- Aluminum cubicle used for dumping books, freshman, or gym

clothes in.



Master- Company know for making cheap locks that can be easily opened with

a dinky-ass screw driver or the key that opens a given set of locks.



Plate[1]- Metal sheet with a number stamped on it used for identifying

lockers.



Plate[2]- A peice of metal that covers the hole in the door where the dial

goes if one is not present.



Wall- Removable surface inside locker.



Shelf- A sheet of wood cut to the shape and dimensions so that it fits snug

inside a locker.





We would like to dedicate this article to those of us who got busted while

this was being compiled. For those of you to follow in our footsteps, BE

CAREFUL!







              How to contact TAP for the price of a local call!



Since Blitzkrieg is in the national WWIVnet you can simply contact

your local wwiv bbs and send mail across the net to users on the bbs.

If you wish to send in text files for publication this makes it easy.

They are limited in size to 20,000 bytes, if your sysop is cool he

can send 32k mail packets. So you might have to break the file into

smaller parts to send it all.



Here is what you do. Get an account from a bbs in the list below.

Once you are validated you can send mail to user 1 @ 5211. 5211 is

the node number for Blitzkrieg Bbs. You can either send regular mail

or you can type //upload from the main menu and then upload a file

using various protocols. Then your next email will contain the file

you just uploaded. Sound easy, well it is. So i expect some articles

headed my way for future issues.









Listing on boards in the WWIVnetwork.





@2450  ?  *214-487-6483 #2400        "Late Night with the COLONEL"

@2451     *214-686-8421 #2400        "Radio K.A.O.S."

@2452     *214-368-2511 #19200 |     "The Other Side"

@2455     *214-644-0366 #2400        "The O.K. Corral"

@2456     *214-374-7963 #2400        "Knights of Darkness by Lexam Systems"

@2457     *214-289-8524 #2400        "Knight Court"

@2458     *214-266-6165 #2400        "The Last Resort"

@2459     *214-324-3680 #1200        "Triple XXX Ecstasy"

@2460     *214-442-4333 #1200        "Dragon Magic"

@2461     *214-686-5424 #2400        "Venus on the Half-Shell"

@2462     *214-315-0792 #19200       "Alternate Realm"

@2463     *214-480-9369 #1200        "Space-Time Vortex"

@2464     *214-343-8771 #2400        "Grey Haven Holt"

@2465     *214-618-7414 #2400        "Gned's Magic Snails"

@2466     *214-361-5883 #2400        "Dragon Reach"

@2467     *214-934-2162 #2400        "The Portal"

@2468     *214-343-0777 #9600  <     "Shadow Magic BBS"

@6550  ?  *615-690-5467 #19200 <>!   "Volunteer PC BBS"

@6551     *615-675-6269 #9600  >     "USCC BBS"

@6552     *615-525-4934 #19200 >     "Another BBS"

@6555     *615-926-8602 #2400        "Sector BBS BBS"

@6556     *615-938-7404 #2400        "The Metal Health BBS"

@6557     *615-521-2651 #2400        "KCIE"

@6560     *615-523-1618 #2400        "Graveyard BBS"

@6561     *615-397-4111 #2400        "Way-Back BBS"

@6563     *615-378-5087 #2400        "Starship Allandale"

@6564     *615-539-6208 #1200        "Thunder Mountain BBS"

@6565     *615-929-0596 #2400        "The Salimander Bingo Club"

@6566     *615-928-8022 #1200        "The Ultimate Fantasy Online"

@7352  ?  *713-520-9463 #2400        "The Oak Grove"

@7354     *713-242-9766 #1200        "PC Nowhere"

@8601     *806-792-4778 #2400        "Absolute Anarchy"

@8603  ?  *806-795-0509 #2400        "The Crystal Palace"

@8605     *806-742-3959 #2400        "LawLine BBS"

@8606     *806-798-2869 #2400        "The Comic Strip"

@8607     *806-762-5536 #2400        "Kaptain's Korner"

@8608     *806-637-9161 #2400        "The Electric Mailbox"

@8609     *806-793-5535 #2400        "The Dark Realm"

@8750  ?  *817-691-0603 #19200 >     "The Mist"

@8751     *817-766-3042 #19200 >     "Enchanted Forest"

@8752     *817-855-3794 #2400        "Infinity Link"

@8754     *817-855-6754 #2400        "The Zone"

@8755     *817-766-0533 #2400        "InFlight"

@8756     *817-430-1722 #1200        "Dark Tower"

@8757     *817-696-0791 #2400        "The White House"

@8758     *817-855-0581 #2400        "The Kennel"

@8759     *817-429-0130 #2400        "The Shroud"

@8760     *817-855-4727 #2400        "The Dark Side"

@8761     *817-761-2960 #2400        "S.O.A.P."

@8762     *817-761-4820 #2400        "Lost Cause"

@8769  %  *817-696-0930 #2400        "Eugene's"

@9550     *915-778-8734 #2400        "Resting Place for the Damned"

@607       *916-342-0560 #2400        "1:119/69 =                   =9655"

@609       *916-895-4243 #2400        "1:119/93=                    =9654"

@610       *916-893-9030 #2400        "1:119/6969=                  =9660"

@616       *916-865-8462 #2400        "1:119/357=                   =9656"

@644       *916-342-9239 #2400        "1:119/44.0=                  =9669"

@2900    ? *209-526-5899 #2400        "Maxie's Toy"

@2902      *209-544-9994 #2400        "Night Court"

@2905      *209-551-7570 #2400        "Wanderer's Haven"

@2907      *209-538-8454 #2400        "Mc Co. Online"

@2908      *209-521-7697 #2400        "The Midnight Sky"

@3300    ? *303-696-9084 #2400        "The Crypt"

@3301      *303-693-5061 #2400        "Berserker Board"

@3302      *303-830-8098 #2400        "Terra Main"

@3303      *303-652-2603 #2400        "ShiKahr [PIN]"

@3304      *303-680-7562 #2400        "Isle of the Winds"

@3306      *303-467-9071 #2400        "The Underground BBS"

@3307      *303-425-5347 #2400        "The Good Neighbor"

@3308      *303-467-0296 #2400        "Bare Cave BBS"

@3309      *303-788-1618 #2400        "S.C.C.O.R.E. B.B.S."

@4551    ? *415-229-3823 #2400        "GT Express"

@4552      *415-548-3519 #2400        "The Forest of Arden"

@4553      *415-934-7827 #1200        "The Silver Tower"

@4554      *415-937-2351 #2400        "Stainless Steel BBS"

@4555      *415-827-0265 #2400        "The Adventurer's Guild"

@4556      *415-676-5953 #2400        "Dead Rock Cafe"

@4557      *415-686-2439 #2400        "The P. R. C. BBS"

@7700      *707-823-3052 #2400        "Interface"

@7701   %  *707-279-9601 #2400        "Data Xfer BBS"

@7702    ? *707-279-9730 #2400        "INNER CHORUS BBS"

@7703      *707-538-3675 #2400        "GrounD ZerO"

@7704      *707-829-3363 #2400        "Deep Thought"

@7705      *707-573-1829 #2400        "Vanishing Point"

@7706      *707-526-6378 #2400        "The Rose and the Sword"

@7707      *707-279-9646 #38400  <!   "The Magic Flute"

@7708      *707-263-6612 #19200  <    "Starbase Alpha"

@7709      *707-277-7969 #2400        "Golden Dawn BBS"

@7710      *707-571-1807 #2400        "The Spinach Patch"

@9651      *916-893-1750 #2400        "Logrus"

@9654      *916-895-4243 #2400        "Mesopotamia DEL (Mirage Works)"

@9655    ? *916-342-0560 #2400        "The Owl's Nest"

@9656      *916-865-7818 #2400        "Crosswinds"

@9658      *916-742-5114 #38400  <!   "Shade of the Tree"

@9659      *916-649-1720 #19200  |    "DMUG BBS"

@9660      *916-893-9030 #2400        "Xanadu"

@9661      *916-891-6617 #2400        "Camel in a Box"

@9662      *916-343-1954 #1200        "Outland"

@9663      *916-743-7661 #2400        "The Wood Shed"

@9664      *916-671-3846 #2400        "The Lighthouse BBS"

@9669      *916-342-9239 #2400        "Time Bender-Long"

@9677      *916-891-0312 #2400        "Unknown System"

@9690      *916-671-2340 #2400        "The Dog House"

@9696      *916-894-7053 #1200        "The Caddis Shack"

@606      *416-481-9455 #19200 <    "1:250/486 =                  =4651"

@619      *801-269-8229 #2400       "1:311/3   =                  =8111"

@621      *801-538-0237 #2400       "1:311/2   =                  =8110"

@2602  ?  *206-824-3356 #2400       "The Holodeck"

@2603     *206-698-8503 #2400       "The Unsinkable Titanic"

@2604     *206-479-4809 #2400       "Terra Tech BBS"

@2605     *206-337-0248 #38400 <    "InterNet MultiSystem, Ltd, Port IV"

@2607     *206-348-5878 #2400       "Griswold's Private Reserve"

@2610     *206-337-0540 #2400       "InterNet MultiSystem, Ltd, Port I"

@2615     *206-355-4778 #2400       "InterNet MultiSystem, Ltd, Port V"

@2616     *206-867-5474 #2400       "In Your Face BBS"

@2618     *206-937-8992 #2400       "Jennifer's Jungle"

@2619     *206-365-3854 #19200 <    "Escape Velocity"

@2620     *206-337-2530 #2400       "Griswold's Private Reserve II"

@2621     *206-735-2232 #2400       "The Hideaway"

@2622     *206-525-7863 #2400       "Nemesis"

@2623     *206-252-1568 #2400       "The Firehouse"

@2625     *206-455-4681 #2400       "InterNet MultiSystem, Ltd, Port VII"

@2626     *206-352-2782 #2400       "The Fireside"

@2800     *208-885-8749 #2400       "Maize BBS"

@4650     *416-538-7911 #2400       "Abacus BBS"

@4651     *416-481-9455 #19200 <    "Threat BBS"

@5301     *503-772-0304 #2400       "Full Force"

@5302     *503-826-9138 #2400       "The West Wind"

@5303     *503-482-1393 #2400       "Warlock's Tower II"

@5304     *503-626-9697 #38400 <!   "San Tropez"

@5305     *503-686-0951 #2400       "Anev BBS"

@5306     *503-646-0951 #2400       "NightMoves"

@5307     *503-772-1092 #2400       "User's Corner"

@5308     *503-244-6295 #2400       "Cyber Space"

@5309     *503-691-2044 #2400       "DefCon 1"

@5310     *503-776-8455 #19200 <    "The Last Outpost"

@5311  ?  *503-644-3537 #2400       "Milliway's"

@5312     *503-371-6566 #2400       "The Capital Connection"

@5315     *503-274-4510 #2400       "OMSI BBS"

@5317     *503-221-0726 #2400       "Ratt Sass Productions"

@5318     *503-482-9155 #2400       "The Warlock's Tower"

@5321     *503-772-6861 #2400       "The Realm of Imaginos"

@5322     *503-629-5611 #2400       "Prescient BBS"

@5323     *503-597-4437 #2400       "The Executive Branch"

@5324     *503-776-9040 #2400       "SRC Computer Services BBS"

@5900   % *509-483-7166 #19200 <    "Wizard's Castle"

@5904     *509-586-3935 #2400       "TAB BBS"

@5911     *509-534-9586 #2400       "The Lost Saloon"

@5912  ?  *509-483-0042 #19200 <    "The Garage"

@5913     *509-326-7058 #2400       "The Magic Marque"

@5914     *509-588-6822 #2400       "TC-CUBED"

@5915     *509-334-9320 #2400       "Three Roses Inn"

@5916     *509-244-3421 #2400       "The Safehouse"

@5917     *509-662-7763 #1200       "Ice House"

@5918     *509-747-0592 #2400       "The Ol' Curiosity Shoppe"

@5919     *509-238-6992 #2400       "The Midnight Hour"

@5920     *509-783-3456 #2400       "The Master BBS"

@6900     *609-783-1975 #38400 <>!$ "Data Express"

@6901     *609-627-5307 #2400       "The Mother Ship"

@6902     *609-265-1144 #2400       "Bear Mountain RailRoad"

@6903     *609-386-6192 #2400       "DJ BBS"

@6904     *609-456-9011 #2400       "Haji's Palace"

@6905  ?  *609-627-3291 #38400 <>!$ "Tech Line"

@6906     *609-488-5440 #2400       "The Land of Evil"

@6907     *609-663-8203 #2400       "The Master's Inn"

@6910     *609-764-7144 #2400       "The Promised Land"

@6914     *609-764-6358 #19200 <    "Emerald City"

@6915     *609-581-0604 #2400       "Dixieland Sexpress"

@6917     *609-298-3096 #2400       "Tarkus"

@7650  ?  *716-433-7904 #38400 <!   "Nite Flight BBS"

@7651     *716-692-2698 #2400       "Stairway to Heaven"

@7652     *716-684-7939 #2400       "BoardWalk BBS"

@7654     *716-675-9384 #2400       "Berea BBS"

@7655     *716-433-3671 #2400       "Cerebrul Hemisphere"

@8100     *801-583-1843 #2400       "G 1:1/101=                   =8110"

@8110  ?  *801-583-1843 #2400       "StoneWall BBS"

@8111     *801-269-8229 #2400       "The Motel West"

@8115     *801-272-1149 #2400       "Lost Galaxy"

@8116     *801-394-4766 #2400       "Slope Haven's Cathedral"

@8117     *801-269-9383 #2400       "XTC BBS"

@8119     *801-966-8914 #2400       "Shadowdale"

@8120     *801-393-5671 #2400       "Dark Lord's Domain"

@8863     *818-564-8428 #2400       "InterNet MultiSystem, Ltd, Port III"

@9700     *907-772-4873 #2400       "Tripple A Software"

@9702     *907-338-1612 #2400       "Someplace Else"

@612      *314-434-3470 #19200 <    "1:100/325=bsbox.fidonet.org  =3450"

@613      *618-624-6578 #2400       "1:2222/202=                  =6853"

@2555     *215-630-1259 #2400       "Devil's Dimension"

@2558  ?  *215-493-7434 #38400 <!$  "Joe's Garage"

@2566     *215-398-2244 #2400       "Midnight Magic"

@2568     *215-974-1759 #2400       "Marvel Universe BBS"

@3352     *313-478-5836 #9600  >    "007'S Afterburner"

@3353  ?  *313-231-2366 #9600  <    "Ufo Data Collection Center"

@3354     *313-548-0879 #2400       "The Un-Named BBS"

@3355     *313-694-7896 #2400       "The Cat's Meow"

@3357     *313-694-2608 #2400       "Vermilion"

@3450     *314-434-3470 #19200 <    "B.S. Box"

@3451     *314-772-6112 #2400       "Birdhunter's Domain"

@3454     *314-741-2617 #2400       "The Power Source"

@3456   % *314-644-5777 #2400       "The Fellowship"

@3457     *314-878-8816 #2400       "Commodore Users Group of St. Louis"

@3458     *314-394-3096 #2400       "The Main Terminal"

@3459  ?  *314-861-1820 #2400       "The M&M Factory"

@3460     *314-831-9039 #1200       "The Secret Society BBS"

@3461     *314-434-3373 #2400       "Mr. Ed's Barn"

@3462     *314-752-0065 #2400       "The Sand Castle"

@3463     *314-327-5837 #2400       "Time Warp"

@3464     *314-993-3689 #2400       "Master Control Program"

@3465     *314-355-5743 #2400       "The Forgotten Realms"

@3466     *314-644-6705 #9600  >    "The Dark Side"

@3467     *314-595-4489 #2400       "Longships"

@3468     *314-861-1232 #2400       "The Pyramid BBS"

@3470     *314-845-0028 #2400       "The Wild West"

@3471     *314-921-8940 #19200 <    "End of the Rainbow"

@3472     *314-821-1142 #19200 <    "Electronic Forum II"

@3475     *314-272-8617 #2400       "//Darkside//"

@3477     *314-353-1096 #9600  <    "SouthSide"

@3478     *314-296-5306 #2400       "Fred's Creative Cuisine"

@3499     *314-752-3991 #2400       "St. Louis WWIVNet Server"

@3502  ?  *305-454-6285 #2400       "The Parrot Jungle"

@3506     *305-935-4136 #2400       "The Insight BBS"

@3507     *305-720-0240 #2400       "The Color Connection"

@3508     *305-485-6533 #2400       "Cypress Transfer BBS"

@3509     *305-961-2797 #2400       "The Arena of Pain"

@3514     *305-975-0064 #19200 <    "Silent Morning BBS"

@3650     *316-524-8153 #2400       "The White Stone"

@3651     *316-685-2613 #9600  <    "RiverCity BBS"

@3652  ?  *316-221-2570 #2400       "Gringo City BBS"

@3653     *316-652-7734 #2400       "The Final Frontier"

@3654     *316-832-9556 #2400       "Fly By Night BBS"

@3655     *316-755-3119 #2400       "DOUBLE EXPOSURE"

@3656     *316-269-4614 #2400       "Libram Arcorum"

@3950     *319-296-1529 #2400       "HIT BBS"

@3951     *319-387-1767 #2400       "Utopia"

@4400     *404-377-1141 #2400       "IllumiNet BBS"

@4951     *419-885-1541 #2400       "The Listening Post"

@6851  ?  *618-277-8502 #2400       "The nth Dimension"

@6852     *618-234-2631 #9600  !    "Snafu Software"

@6853     *618-624-6578 #2400       "USS Hexum"

@6854     *618-277-2002 #2400       "The Last Resort"

@6856     *618-235-5307 #2400       "The State Penitentiary"

@6857     *618-277-9856 #2400       "BFE"

@6858     *618-628-0035 #2400       "The Micro Alternatives Connection"

@6859     *618-235-6705 #9600  <    "The Tower of Power"

@6860     *618-746-2006 #38400 <!   "Midwest Connection CD-ROM"

@6862     *618-277-2448 #2400       "The Educated Guess"

@6863     *618-277-9511 #2400       "The Peanut Gallery"

@6864     *618-452-8456 #2400       "The Jet Shop"

@6866     *618-234-6892 #2400       "Downtown Tower"

@8350  ?  *813-237-0152 #2400       "Ko Ro Ba"

@8352     *813-239-1339 #19200 <    "AlleyKat's Alley"

@8353     *813-962-4061 #2400       "The Brainless Wonder BBS"

@8354     *813-840-9238 #2400       "V"

@8355     *813-286-1349 #2400       "Blackmoor Manor"

@8357     *813-689-3298 #2400       "The Outpost"

@8358     *813-989-2563 #2400       "Terror in the Aisles"

@8359     *813-645-0204 #2400       "Macross BBS"

@8360     *813-238-3120 #2400       "The Cookie Jar"

@8361     *813-654-7764 #2400       "SHOCKER BBS"

@8362     *813-645-2032 #2400       "The INNER DWELLINGS BBS"

@8363     *813-888-6925 #2400       "Gangster BBS"

@8364     *813-684-6005 #38400 <    "Savage Curtain"

@9350  ?  *913-722-6577 #2400       "Foxfire BBS"

@9354     *913-842-0300 #19200 <    "Castle Ravenloft"

@9356     *913-897-6662 #19200 <    "Kill Devil Hills"

@9358     *913-681-5998 #2400       "The Guild Hall"

@9359     *913-341-3306 #2400       "The KC Information Exchange"

@9850  ?  *918-250-5963 #2400       "StarShip Enterprise BBS"

@9853     *918-663-0292 #2400       "The Inner Circle"

@9854     *918-250-5359 #2400       "High Voltage BBS"

@9855     *918-251-5579 #2400       "Rabid Grannies"

@18       *818-407-0419 #2400       "The Federation"

@810      *047-453-6654 #2400       "The Gourmet (UK)"

@811      *071-248-0854 #2400       "The Puppet Master (UK)"

@812      *093-224-7628 #2400       "InTransit BBS (UK)"

@4800  ?  *408-296-6573 #2400       "The Corsair's Cove"

@4801     *408-662-2372 #2400       "The LooNEY.BIN"

@4802     *408-223-1738 #2400       "The Ozone BBS"

@8500     *805-255-2850 #2400       "Sherwood Forest"

@8501     *805-242-1733 #2400       "MetalStorm BBS"

@8502     *805-498-2817 #2400       "Encyclopedia Galactica"

@8850     *818-912-1471 #9600  <    "EDGE OF SANITY"

@8851     *818-286-8391 #2400       "Unlimited Horizon"

@8852     *818-548-6091 #2400       "Bullfinch Computer Applications"

@8853     *818-448-0141 #9600  <    "The Deacon's Corner"

@8854   % *818-566-9775 #2400       "The Octagon"

@8855     *818-338-3130 #9600  <!   "Biker's BBS"

@8856     *818-566-7912 #2400       "Rambo-Scan BBS"

@8857     *818-715-9662 #2400       "Port Martinique."

@8858     *818-353-8589 #2400       "The Floating Asteroid"

@8859  ?  *818-357-1253 #9600  <!   "The Inner Sanctum"

@8860     *818-336-7678 #9600  <!   "Andromeda Star Port"

@8861     *818-288-2165 #2400       "Moving Pictures ]["

@8862     *818-286-1205 #2400       "Circuit's Edge"

@8864     *818-965-3554 #2400       "Uncle Bob's BBS"

@8865     *818-441-8346 #2400       "Djuara's Fun Club"

@8866     *818-339-4244 #2400       "DarkSword"

@8868     *818-358-9633 #2400       "The Radio Control Model Plane BBS"

@8869     *818-284-3554 #9600  <    "Alhambra Data Exchange"

@8871     *818-567-6349 #9600 <     "The Paint Box"

@8872     *818-287-0408 #2400       "Brain Storm BBs"

@8874     *818-768-5168 #2400       "The Magic Macross BBS"

@8876     *818-905-0340 #2400       "The Ward"

@8877     *818-341-6941 #2400       "Beyond the Boundaries"

@8878     *818-352-8796 #2400       "The Heart Of Gold"

@8879     *818-446-4538 #2400       "Battle Zone"

@8880     *818-407-0000 #2400       "The Loop"

@8883     *818-247-4685 #2400       "THE CALL BOX"

@8888     *818-287-4570 #2400       "SCREAM BBS"

@614      *512-781-3506 #2400       "86:5120/101 =   = 5267"

@615      *499-215-8748 #19200 <    "2:509/4  =   =  820"

@820      *499-215-8748 #19200 <    "DATADRIVER (Germany)"

@821      *71-1226-1554 #19200 <    "Schreiber - Box"

@822      *909-273-8046 #2400       "Night-Line BBS (Germany)"

@830      *100-622-7942 #2400       "CyberNet (Guadalajara, Mexico)"

@831      *100-056-4119 #2400       "Creaturas de la noche(Monterrey, Mex.)"

@833      *100-046-6974 #1200       "Tron (Monterrey, Mexico)"

@1040     *512-631-3062 #2400       "RGV WWIVnet Server"

@2510     *205-880-3775 #2400       "The Igmeister Zone"

@2512  ?  *205-534-5193 #19200 /     "Rocket City BBS"

@2513     *205-880-6976 #2400       "Charley's Place"

@2514     *205-880-2396 #2400       "The Bunny Patch"

@2515     *205-828-1719 #2400       "Stonehenge BBS"

@2524     *205-699-5811 #2400       "Myth Drannor"

@2530     *205-348-6686 #2400       "The Ragged Edge"

@2531     *205-679-8457 #2400       "Mobile Information Exchange"

@2532     *205-333-0087 #2400       "Speedway"

@2533     *205-556-5417 #2400       "Spectrum"

@2650     *216-297-2275 #19200 /     "Freewheelin'"

@2651     *216-297-9328 #1200       "The Game Room"

@3700     *307-686-1508 #2400       "The Pentagon"

@4450  ?  *414-459-8144 #38400 <    "The Crystal Barrier BBS"

@4452     *414-458-1451 #2400       "Dragons Realm"

@4453     *414-778-1484 #19200 /    "Thunderdome"

@4454     *414-547-0306 #2400       "The Crypt"

@4455     *414-541-6360 #2400       "Barts Bar & Grill"

@4456     *414-565-1327 #2400       "The Ultimate Immunity"

@4702     *407-788-7811 #2400       "The Dark Unknown"

@4703     *407-297-1180 #2400       "The Villa Straylight"

@4704     *407-434-0369 #2400       "Brahuma's Kingdom"

@4900     *409-853-2227 #19200 <    "Plus BBS"

@4901     *409-637-7134 #2400       "Junker's Junkyard"

@5200  ?  *502-426-9540 #19200 !$   "Homebrew USA"

@5203     *502-937-0709 #2400       "The Empyrean"

@5204     *502-776-7928 #2400       "ASK BBS"

@5206     *502-244-3439 #9600  >    "The Realm BBS"

@5209     *502-634-0349 #2400       "Crimson Connection"

@5210     *502-241-9304 #2400       "Hall of Injustice"

@5211     *502-499-8933 #2400       "Blitzkrieg Bbs"

@5212     *502-452-2150 #2400       "Zimm's Zoo for Xenophobic Zombies"

@5213     *502-429-6192 #19200 <!    "The Scratching Post"

@5214     *502-955-6955 #2400       "Fubar Elite"

@5215     *502-423-1368 #19200 <!   "The Warehouse"

@5216     *502-456-3036 #2400       "The Knight's Tavern"

@5250     *512-353-0590 #2400       "The Bastille"

@5252   % *512-631-5841 #38400 <!   "The Dragon's Den"

@5254     *512-631-3587 #2400       "Anilar's Cave"

@5255     *512-982-0610 #2400       "The Trauma Center"

@5256     *512-687-1221 #19200 <    "Alpha 2010"

@5257     *512-383-6176 #1200       "Computer Police Dept."

@5258     *512-682-4530 #2400       "Rick's Cafe Americain"

@5259     *512-787-5617 #1200       "The Komic Shop"

@5260     *512-783-7473 #1200       "Valley of the Kings"

@5261     *512-383-9898 #19200 <!   "Soft World BBS"

@5262     *512-464-8792 #9600  <    "The EnterPrize"

@5263     *512-581-4791 #2400       "The DogHouse"

@5264     *512-682-1635 #2400       "The Heorot BBS"

@5265     *512-686-8896 #19200 /    "RIA-BBS"

@5266     *512-682-9715 #2400       "The LockPick BBS"

@5267     *512-781-3506 #2400       "The STARGATE BBS"

@5268     *512-631-4714 #2400       "Morgan's Corner"

@5269     *512-542-8222 #2400       "The Crypt"

@5270     *512-423-4466 #2400       "Ground Zero"

@5271     *512-783-6785 #1200       "Dexter - 2 BBS"

@5272     *512-682-0828 #2400       "Bobcat's Wild Horse BBS"

@5273     *512-423-5482 #2400       "File Not Found"

@5274     *512-542-1105 #2400       "The Dragon's Realm"

@5275     *512-787-8974 #2400       "The Business Board"

@5281     *512-458-4096 #2400       "H.E.L.L."

@5282     *512-459-1088 #2400       "Klingon Empire"

@5283     *512-458-4969 #2400       "T-Dubbs"

@5284     *512-339-4584 #2400       "The Water Closet BBS"

@5285     *512-443-7379 #2400       "The Bamboo Gardens North"

@5286  ?  *512-280-9018 #19200 <    "The Party Line"

@5287     *512-338-5376 #2400       "Beyond Reality"

@5750     *517-790-7689 #2400       "The Undead Prong BBS"

@5751     *517-631-4231 #2400       "Tornado Alley"

@5950  ?  *519-973-9841 #2400       "Southern Reaches BBS"

@5954     *519-948-2211 #19200 <!   "A Private Cosmos"

@5957     *519-258-3111 #2400       "Middle Earth BBS"

@5958     *519-469-3719 #2400       "Microhelp On-Line"

@5959     *519-948-2211 #2400       "New Avalon Institute of Science"

@6203     *602-237-2451 #2400       "Celestial Woodlands"

@6204  ?  *602-957-6436 #2400       "The Lair"

@6207     *602-497-1210 #2400       "The Funny Pages"

@6208     *602-285-5692 #2400       "The Warlock's Guild"

@6209     *602-483-7088 #2400       "Orion's Castle"

@6210     *602-451-8209 #19200 <$   "Late Night"

@6450  ?  *614-488-2314 #2400       "Valhalla BBS"

@6453     *614-837-9622 #2400       "The Enterprise"

@6454     *614-237-0096 #2400       "Lace & Leather"

@6455     *614-231-5240 #2400       "Realm of the Dragon"

@6457     *614-837-7620 #2400       "Wizard's Tower"

@6458     *614-837-0775 #2400       "5th Dimension BBS"

@6459     *614-837-9732 #2400       "Caesar's Palace"

@6702  ?  *607-257-5377 #2400       "The Alcoves of Amigorn"

@6705     *607-277-7979 #38400 <!   "The Alchemist's Guild"

@6706     *607-272-0601 #2400       "The Rhythm of the NIGHT !!!"

@6707     *607-272-1251 #38400 <    "The Other BBS"

@7100     *701-780-9297 #19200 <    "Gamers! BBS"

@7101     *701-594-8311 #2400       "Tech BBS"

@7102     *701-772-2831 #2400       "The Enchanted Aardvark"

@7103     *701-594-6071 #2400       "Flier's BBS"

@7104     *701-594-8882 #1200       "Northern Lights"

@8260  ?  *812-945-6790 #38400 >!$  "The Cove * Special Edition *"

@8261     *812-331-8421 #2400       "4th Dimension"

@8262     *812-944-3907 #2400       "MicroDot"

@8550  ?  *815-439-1264 #19200 <!$  "The Trading Place"

@8551     *815-886-2049 #2400       "The Clone Zone"

@9400     *904-757-3578 #2400       "The Poolhall"

@9401     *904-739-1937 #2400       "Highway Star"

@9402     *904-278-9264 #2400       "Catacombs BBS"

@9404     *904-269-4734 #2400       "The Astral Plane"

@9406     *904-743-5928 #2400       "BAHADUR Project"

@9407     *904-272-0162 #2400       "Dream World"

@9409     *904-743-7052 #2400       "Da Rucci BBS"

@9411     *904-221-4135 #1200       "Jax After Hours"

@9412     *904-772-7157 #1200       "The Rock"

@9415     *904-282-7125 #2400       "The Wonderland Cafe"

@9416     *904-292-0406 #2400       "Windows of Opportunity"

@9417     *904-254-0636 #2400       "Barbarian"

@9420     *904-445-8070 #2400       "The Alternate Reality BBS"

@9500     *905-578-9194 #2400       "TeleLink"

@601      *704-554-1496 #38400      "1:379/15 =                   =7400"

@604      *919-451-8245 #2400       "1:3614/110 =                 =9990"

@608      *804-795-2112 #2400       "1:264/172=                   =8403"

@617      *704-847-8032 #2400       "1:379/13 =                   =7406"

@1052     *804-330-0527 #9600  >    "VA WWIVnet Mail Server I"

@1053     *704-574-7400 #2400       "NC WWIVnet Mail Server III"

@3200     *302-378-1157 #2400       "The Guild"

@3850     *318-448-0411 #38400 <    "MeltDown Mansion"

@6350     *613-747-0343 #2400       "Roxborough BBS"

@6652  ?  *616-399-1337 #38400 <    "Back Slash"

@6653     *616-399-5937 #38400 <    "Top Floor"

@7400  ?  *704-554-1496 #38400 <    "The Funny Farm (East)"

@7401     *704-536-6747 #2400       "Tudor Nightmare Village"

@7402     *704-537-8032 #2400       "DarkMoon Tavern"

@7403     *704-455-1374 #2400       "Total Perspective Vortex BBS"

@7405     *704-875-3961 #2400       "CyberConnection"

@7406     *704-847-8032 #2400       "The Tower of High Sorcery at Palanthas"

@7407     *704-527-5668 #2400       "The Albanian Embassy"

@7408     *704-563-2586 #2400       "AirCrash Bureau"

@7409     *704-865-3997 #2400       "The Apotheosis BBS"

@7448     *704-554-1496 #2400       "The Funny Farm (East Too)"

@7753     *717-687-9705 #38400 <    "The Ink and Paint Club"

@8200  ?  *802-747-4702 #38400 <    "Dormasintoria BBS"

@8201     *802-775-3216 #2400       "World Class Computers"

@8300  ?  *803-393-7399 #2400       "Pee Dee Exchange"

@8301     *803-723-7254 #9600  <    "The Thieves Market BBS"

@8302     *803-732-7340 #9600  >    "The Far Star BBS"

@8303     *803-646-7749 #9600  <!   "The Cosmedron BBS"

@8304     *803-553-8761 #9600  <    "The Master Link BBS"

@8305     *803-788-4351 #2400       "Times Square BBS"

@8306     *803-544-1746 #2400       "The Gamecock BBS"

@8403     *804-795-9826 #2400       "Xanadu"

@8404     *804-330-0526 #2400       "The Computer Connection"

@8410     *804-342-9679 #2400       "The Virginia Historical Society"

@8411     *804-489-8659 #2400       "The Restaurant / End of the Universe"

@8412     *804-934-8589 #2400       "Pocket Universe"

@8413     *804-276-4798 #9600  <    "Relative Reality"

@8414     *804-784-7014 #2400       "Whistlestop West"

@8415     *804-727-4458 #2400       "OPARC BBS"

@8416  ?  *804-488-6907 #38400 <!   "The CrossRoads"

@8417     *804-934-8355 #2400       "Fantasy Land"

@8418     *804-851-9138 #2400       "Ray's Workshop"

@8419     *804-275-8723 #2400       "The Lighthouse BBS"

@8420     *804-358-3286 #2400       "The Hegelian Solution, Inc."

@8421     *804-423-3127 #2400       "Electric Avenues"

@8422     *804-583-2411 #2400       "Swedish Nights"

@8423     *804-766-1366 #2400       "Suddenly BBS"

@8424     *804-275-6069 #2400       "Dragon's Rest"

@8425     *804-625-5861 #1200       "The Write Place"

@8426     *804-588-5172 #2400       "The Graveyard"

@8428     *804-226-0805 #2400       "The Tar Pits"

@8429     *804-330-4077 #2400       "Virginia Bulletin Board of Music (VBBM)"

@8430     *804-226-0805 #2400       "The Totally Hidden BBS"

@9250     *912-876-7333 #2400       "The Midnight Oil BBS"

@9251     *912-368-3393 #2400       "The Model-T BBS"

@9950     *919-782-3071 #38400 <    "NC WWIVnet Mail Server I"

@9951     *919-477-0548 #2400       "The Raven's Lair"

@9952     *919-477-3845 #2400       "Micro-Net"

@9953     *919-848-2315 #2400       "Free Quarks"

@9954   % *919-831-2759 #38400 <!   "Social Graces"

@9955     *919-876-7395 #2400       "Spectrum of Dreams"

@9956     *919-664-8060 #2400       "Murphy's Law"

@9957     *919-890-6201 #2400       "Baxter BBS"

@9958     *919-772-2684 #2400       "Panther Branch Annex/Right Triangle"

@9959     *919-523-1321 #19200 <    "All Things Considered"

@9960     *919-544-6891 #2400       "The FOLLY"

@9961     *919-524-3311 #2400       "Grifton On-Line"

@9962  ?  *919-469-4838 #2400       "Mac Tonight"

@9963     *919-724-0041 #9600  <    "Computron Alliance"

@9964     *919-756-2939 #2400       "East Carolina Connection"

@9965     *919-787-6399 #2400       "The Carousel"

@9966     *919-828-1951 #2400       "The Avalon Slide"

@9967     *919-522-0639 #2400       "Starfleet Command"

@9968     *919-471-1935 #2400       "Another World BBS"

@9969     *919-443-2456 #2400       "Grafix Unlimited"

@9970     *919-846-7427 #38400 <    "The Octopus's Garden"

@9971     *919-746-2517 #38400 <    "The Enterprise"

@9972     *919-523-9642 #2400       "Silicon Nightmare"

@9973     *919-746-2858 #2400       "The Excelsior"

@9974     *919-758-9094 #2400       "The New BBS"

@9975     *919-864-5149 #2400       "Total Confussion"

@9980     *919-969-9198 #2400       "The Mystical Hermits BBS"

@9981     *919-659-8117 #2400       "Brain Drain"

@9982     *919-777-1763 #2400       "Computer & Software Architects"

@9990     *919-451-8245 #2400       "2d MarDiv Support BBS"

@9991     *919-338-0236 #2400       "Canal Bank BBS"

@9992     *919-430-0306 #2400       "Micromash BBS"

@9993     *919-623-8900 #38400 <!   "The Guardian of Knowledge"

@9994     *919-577-5340 #2400       "Realistic BBS"

@9997     *919-732-7616 #38400 <    "The Dark City of Erishkiegal"

@9998     *919-493-1058 #2400       "A Motley Excuse For a BBS"

@9999     *919-870-0756 #38400 <    "NC WWIVnet Mail Server II"

@2101     *201-227-4338 #2400       "Tornado BBS"

@2102  ?  *201-374-2730 #2400       "Mount Hozomeen"

@2103     *201-661-4327 #2400       "Windows' Maven Haven"

@2105     *201-226-6296 #2400       "Heel's Angels BBS"

@2106     *201-569-4491 #2400       "The War Zone"

@2107     *201-473-6972 #2400       "OPERATION: MINDCRIME"

@2108     *201-478-5683 #2400       "Cuda's Bar&Grill"

@2109     *201-509-9217 #2400       "NIte Hack"

@2110     *201-614-0733 #2400       "Satan's Realm"

@2112     *201-778-2228 #2400       "The Board Exceptional"

@2113     *201-226-3456 #2400       "Cybernet II"

@2118     *201-772-3528 #2400       "The Demilitarized Zone"

@2119     *201-423-5956 #2400       "The Wine Cellar"

@2120     *201-472-8312 #2400       "SSA BBS"

@2301  ?  *203-236-3974 #2400       "Midnight Madness"

@2302     *203-456-3983 #1200       "The Starship Enterprise"

@2303     *203-349-2016 #2400       "The City Limits"

@2304     *203-635-1401 #2400       "The Village"

@2305     *203-224-6598 #9600  !    "Dave & Donna's Cafe"

@2306     *203-826-6249 #2400       "Cheers!"

@2307     *203-621-4916 #2400       "Reality Knocks Once"

@2308     *203-236-9279 #2400       "Undersea Castle"

@2309     *203-427-5602 #2400       "Interview"

@2700     *207-469-6732 #2400       "Pinnacle Club II"

@2701     *207-942-6575 #2400       "James Bond's Hideaway"

@2702     *207-990-2203 #2400       "Brian's Basement BBS"

@2703     *207-990-1914 #2400       "The Electronic Wasteland"

@9800   % *908-525-8295 #38400 <!$  "Maniac Mansion III"

@9801  ?  *908-494-5417 #2400       "Club Med BBS"

@9802     *908-727-2008 #2400       "Maniac Mansion IV"

@9803     *908-873-2587 #2400       "Grand Elusion"

@9804     *908-238-4193 #9600   !   "King's Crown"

@9806     *908-613-0638 #38400 <!   "The Corvette Club"

@9808     *908-246-1817 #2400       "Village Green Preservation Society"

@9810     *908-251-4175 #2400       "The Fox Hole"

@9811     *908-874-4104 #38400 < $  "The Logic Gate"

@9814     *908-390-5637 #2400       "The Dragon's Lair"

@9815     *908-257-0674 #38400 <!$  "The Late Night BBS with Dave Letterman"

@9817     *908-381-6463 #2400       "The Night Line"

@626      *301-666-9109 #2400       "1:261/1090=                  =3114"

@2200   % *202-363-0364 #9600  <    "The Duke's Domain"

@2201  ?  *202-686-0004 #38400 <$!  "GUIS: OS/2 & Windows Tech Support BBS"

@3101  ?  *301-675-2566 #14400 <$   "Jolly Roger"

@3102     *301-437-7017 #9600  <    "Devil's Courier"

@3104     *301-907-4659 #2400       "The Afterlife BBS"

@3105     *301-761-6584 #2400       "Stonehenge"

@3106     *301-679-3736 #2400       "Bases Loaded"

@3107     *301-953-3945 #2400       "The Atavachron"

@3108     *301-244-8371 #2400       "La Villa Strangiato"

@3109     *301-665-9462 #2400       "Excalibur"

@3110     *301-356-5112 #2400       "Inner Limits"

@3111     *301-325-1027 #14400 <$   "Pizza's BBS"

@3112     *301-391-2563 #2400       "The Old Guard"

@3113     *301-788-8908 #2400       "Grimm's Hollow"

@3114     *301-666-9109 #2400       "Dark Side of the Moon"

@3115     *301-679-5809 #2400       "Joppa Computer Products BBS"

@3117     *301-987-3967 #2400       "Forum 216 BBS"

@3118     *301-667-4171 #9600  <    "The American Exchange"

@3119     *301-876-4508 #2400       "The Northern Star"

@3120     *301-465-2656 #2400       "Clear and Present Danger"

@3122     *301-381-2193 #9600    !  "The ER Information Service"

@3124     *301-987-7562 #2400       "Gratefully Deadicated BBS"

@3125     *301-740-1292 #9600   >   "DSR"

@3126     *301-461-3153 #2400       "Phoenix"

@3127     *301-521-1152 #2400       "Court of the Crimson King"

@3128     *301-728-1012 #2400       "The Colosseum BBS"

@3129     *301-532-3210 #2400       "The Fighting Quaker"

@3130     *301-762-3071 #2400       "Megazone 23"

@3135     *301-270-8268 #2400       "Entropy Effect"

@3140     *301-744-1363 #2400       "Iron Skull"

@3141     *301-720-0323 #2400       "The Dreaming City"

@7300     *703-369-6140 #19200 <    "MrBill's Abode"

@7301     *703-594-3713 #2400       "Atx (Delta House)"

@7302     *703-754-0884 #19200 <    "NoName's BBS"

@7303     *703-361-3691 #9600  >!   "Late Night"

@7306     *703-765-1305 #2400       "Sprockets"

@7307     *703-441-0308 #38400 <    "Vanishing Point #1"

@7308     *703-356-1370 #2400       "Dimension II"

@7309     *703-360-4973 #2400       "Lankhmar"

@7310  ?  *703-931-0431 #2400       "Eldritch Boulevard"

@7311     *703-820-7356 #19200 <    "Ultimate Warrior III"

@7312     *703-369-5225 #19200 <    "The Twilight Zone"

@7313     *703-441-0112 #38400 <    "Vanishing Point #2"

@7315     *703-369-6232 #38400 <    "The 9th Plane"

@7316     *703-841-1859 #2400       "Split Infinity"

@7317     *703-461-7615 #2400       "Reality Check"

@7318     *703-590-8982 #38400 <>!$ "Killer's Law BBS"

@7319     *703-379-9611 #2400       "Kevin's Watch"

@7321     *703-455-0570 #9600   >   "The Trempex Console"

@7322     *703-369-6624 #2400       "The Metaconcert BBS"

@7     ?  *617-493-2726 #9600  <    "Crest BBS"

@4250     *412-336-4807 #9600  <    "Screamin Eagle"

@4251     *412-847-4752 #2400       "Private Line"

@4254     *412-898-1498 #2400       "Wild Wild West BBS"

@4255     *412-466-9380 #19200 <!   "Jaxom's Holde"

@4351  ?  *413-585-0803 #38400 <!   "The Stormbringer BBS"

@4353     *413-772-2716 #1200       "Scalp Central"

@4354     *413-772-2667 #2400       "The Falcon's Lair"

@4355     *413-549-7342 #1200       "The Land Mine BBS"

@4357     *413-743-1828 #2400       "The Dragon's Weyr"

@4358     *413-586-2925 #2400       "Joe's Bar and Grill"

@4359     *413-498-5668 #2400       "The Pus Factory BBS"

@5350  ?  *513-574-1747 #2400       "The World's End"

@5351     *513-661-8799 #2400       "The Brewery"

@5850  ?  *518-479-4522 #2400       "Albedo Telecomm Central BBS"

@5852     *518-783-5762 #2400       "The Game Palace"

@5857     *518-482-4156 #2400       "Anchor's Aweigh"

@5859     *518-432-8782 #2400       "The Aerie"

@5860     *518-372-9549 #2400       "Joe's Bar & Grill"

@5861     *518-436-0581 #2400       "Minas Morgul"

@5864     *518-437-1610 #2400       "Telesphere"

@5801     *508-797-3236 #2400       "Zitas Warehouse"

@5802     *508-885-2466 #1200       "RUNESTAR PIN"

@5803  ?  *508-663-6220 #1200       "Wonderland PIN II"

@5804     *508-960-2226 #2400       "W1FW"

@5805     *508-792-1999 #2400       "The Theta Connection"

@5806     *508-251-8827 #2400       "Reality"

@5807     *508-842-2472 #38400      "Rompus Room"

@5808     *508-842-5786 #2400       "Polyphemus's Den"

@5809     *508-251-9812 #2400       "Omega BBS"

@6300   % *603-382-3966 #9600       "==Info=Rail=="

@6301     *603-894-5169 #2400       "==Salem=Station=="

@6750     *617-734-2053 #1200       "Hyperbole BBS"

@6751     *617-899-7570 #2400       "Five's Tavern"

@3700     *307-686-1508 #2400       "The Pentagon"

@6702  ?  *607-257-5377 #2400       "The Alcoves of Amigorn"

@6705     *607-277-7979 #38400 <!   "The Alchemist's Guild"

@6706     *607-272-0601 #2400       "The Rhythm of the NIGHT !!!"

@6707     *607-272-1251 #38400 <    "The Other BBS"

@1       &*213-208-6689 #38400 <!$  "Amber"

@2        *718-481-7210 #19200 <!   "Best of Both Worlds"

@4      % *213-398-1224 #38400 <!$  "Caesar's Palace"

@9        *213-420-7622 #9600  <!   "The Backroom BBS"

@15    ?  *213-223-6088 #2400       "Wonderland PIN"

@602      *514-668-2479 #19200 <    "1:167/119=                   =5459"

@603      *504-947-6761 #19200 <!   "1:396/31 =                   =5405"

@622      *714-796-2537 #2400       "1:207/610 =                  =7480"

@2350     *213-375-3962 #1200       "Eyes of the World"

@2351     *213-428-2598 #2400       "Mr. Ed's Stable"

@2352     *213-375-2625 #2400       "Castle Kzin"

@2353     *213-547-5015 #2400       "The Altered Dimension"

@2354     *213-869-4663 #2400       "Programmer's Corner BBS"

@2356     *213-276-1691 #2400       "The Discordian Society"

@2357     *213-399-7368 #2400       "The Barber Shop"

@2358     *213-657-6461 #2400       "After Midnight"

@2359     *213-921-1850 #2400       "Trident BBS"

@2360     *213-938-0972 #2400       "The Screen Trade"

@2361     *213-730-0602 #2400       "Miracle Programmers Oasis"

@2362     *213-549-2118 #2400       "Hz Castle"

@2363     *213-782-2280 #2400       "Devonshire Castle"

@2364     *213-824-4859 #2400       "Frenchy Python's Flying Circuits"

@2365     *213-824-3780 #2400       "Medical Ed Support Board"

@2366     *213-782-1035 #2400       "The Horseshoe Club"

@2367     *213-376-1249 #2400       "Computhink"

@2369     *213-284-8055 #2400       "The Edge of Eternity"

@2370     *213-436-9790 #2400       "Chess Hotline"

@2371     *213-866-3539 #2400       "Willoughby"

@2372     *213-860-9171 #2400       "The Wine Cooler"

@2373     *213-640-1643 #2400       "Circus Maximus"

@2374     *213-498-3571 #2400       "Sister Talia's Connection"

@2376     *213-427-3118 #2400       "Blue Bird's Nest"

@2378     *213-516-1295 #9600  <    "Enchanted World"

@2379     *213-421-0785 #2400       "Club Dave"

@2380     *213-470-6869 #2400       "Black Dragon Enterprises"

@2382     *213-413-3937 #2400       "Aphrodites Cave"

@2384     *213-459-4498 #2400  >    "The Total Perspective Vortex"

@2385     *213-433-2946 #9600  <    "Powders"

@2387     *213-475-8221 #19200 <    "MicroChip"

@2391     *213-842-7537 #2400       "Blazer BBS"

@2392     *213-719-1887 #2400       "The Outpost"

@2396     *213-546-1861 #2400       "DAG BBS"

@2398     *213-928-5390 #2400       "EPOCH WWIV"

@2399     *213-379-9084 #2400       "The Raven's Loft"

@5400  ?  *504-885-5364 #2400       "The Ravenloft"

@5401     *504-364-1207 #19200 <    "The Funny Farm"

@5402     *504-832-0696 #2400       "Starlite"

@5403     *504-488-6908 #2400       "Freedom's Cradle"

@5404     *504-835-2861 #2400       "Metropolis BBS"

@5405     *504-947-6761 #19200 <!   "The RedLight"

@5406     *504-392-9517 #19200 <    "End of the World"

@5407     *504-738-3329 #2400       "Computer Automated BBS"

@5409     *504-837-7941 #2400       "New Orleans High Tech BBS"

@5410     *504-885-5364 #2400       "Net Research BBS"

@5413     *504-282-5187 #2400       "The 286 Express"

@5415     *504-282-8270 #2400       "The Guild"

@5416     *504-283-2451 #2400       "Cat's Cradle"

@5450     *514-253-6963 #2400        "Sex Forum BBS"

@5451  ?  *514-253-6963 #2400        "Sex Forum BBS"

@5452     *514-684-6035 #2400        "Glasnost BBS"

@5453     *514-646-2056 #2400        "Le Reflet de la Rive-Sud"

@5454     *514-696-9695 #2400        "911 BBS"

@5455     *514-696-4209 #2400        "911 BBS (line 2)"

@5456     *514-251-3093 #2400        "Hydro Pro BBS"

@5459     *514-668-2479 #19200 <     "The Sonic Orgasmatron"

@5460     *514-688-9586 #2400        "Le Curseur"

@5461     *514-744-8017 #2400        "The Temples Of Syrinx (c)"

@5462     *514-524-8199 #2400        "L'Autre Bord..."

@5463     *514-337-2778 #2400        "The Dark Side"

@5464     *514-488-3582 #2400        "The Light Side"

@5465     *514-462-9285 #2400        "JAVA BBS"

@5466     *514-621-4749 #1200        "InterCom BBS"

@5467     *514-656-7476 #2400        "Expert BBS"

@5468     *514-661-1416 #2400        "The Fortress of Shadow"

@5469     *514-659-6655 #2400        "Red Lobster BBS"

@5470     *514-729-3887 #2400        "Rebel BBS (Montreal)"

@5471     *514-589-7698 #2400        "Rebel BBS (L'Assomption)"

@5473     *514-687-5414 #2400        "The Dark Dungeons BBS"

@5475     *514-355-3048 #2400        "Datamate"

@5476     *514-367-0005 #2400        "Sexy's BBS"

@5477     *514-623-6454 #19200 <     "Datamate II"

@6950     *619-452-2893 #2400       "The Torture Chamber"

@6951     *619-453-1819 #2400       "Enigma - TNG"

@6952     *619-755-3350 #2400       "The Dead Zone BBS"

@6953     *619-632-0718 #2400       "Say What?"

@6954     *619-725-5126 #2400       "RASC"

@6955     *619-270-8779 #19200 <    "The Info Exchange 386"

@6956     *619-748-5761 #2400       "The Brewery"

@6957     *619-270-8037 #38400 <!$  "Aardvark BBS"

@6958     *619-755-3123 #2400       "The Serial Port BBS"

@6959     *619-433-9777 #2400       "Nassau Xpress"

@6960     *619-480-1883 #2400       "The Hunter"

@6961  ?  *619-728-0541 #38400 <!$  "Clone Builder BBS"

@6962     *619-432-0787 #2400       "The Wild Zephyr BBS"

@6963     *619-726-1118 #2400       "Enchanted Voyage BBS"

@6964     *619-792-9937 #2400       "THE PUPPET PLAYHOUSE"

@6965     *619-484-5811 #2400       "CommuniCore"

@6966     *619-747-5130 #2400       "Atlantis"

@6967     *619-565-4424 #2400       "Dragon's Domain"

@6968     *619-721-7313 #2400       "The Graffiti Wall BBS"

@6969     *619-283-4998 #2400       "Sin City"

@6970     *619-446-1316 #2400       "THE CLINIC"

@6971     *619-630-8375 #38400 <!$  "ATTRON"

@6972     *619-439-5131 #2400       "Covey's Concepts BBS"

@6973     *619-695-3081 #2400       "Bubblebath"

@6974     *619-758-5920 #2400       "The Gangs of Vista"

@6975     *619-268-9625 #2400       "RADIO-Active BBS"

@6976     *619-565-2029 #2400       "Ashley's BBS"

@6978     *619-528-0322 #2400       "Erotic City"

@6979     *619-294-5888 #2400       "The PBW Annex"

@6980     *619-748-5264 #2400       "AnotherLoverHolenYoHead"

@6981     *619-756-9567 #2400       "VIKING"

@6982     *619-449-7052 #2400       "Dragon's Nest BBS"

@6983     *619-476-7733 #2400       "S.D. Fantasy"

@6985     *619-484-7283 #2400       "CommuniCore II"

@6986     *619-934-9695 #2400       "Private Events"

@6987     *619-598-4088 #2400       "Deadwood BBS"

@6988     *619-695-6949 #2400       "The Edge Elite BBS"

@6989     *619-225-1775 #2400       "Farstar BBS"

@6990     *619-441-0473 #2400       "POSTERGIRL'S BBS"

@7455     *714-621-2482 #2400        "Super Psionic"

@7458     *714-593-6144 #2400        "Gentle Rain Electronic Forum"

@7460     *714-528-1226 #2400        "Forbidden Sector 2019"

@7463     *714-373-5781 #2400        "World's Most Dangerous BBS"

@7464     *714-788-6434 #2400        "Apple Jacks BBS"

@7470     *714-529-4667 #2400        "West Berlin BBS"

@7484     *714-220-1678 #2400        "Afterhours BBS"

@7490     *714-782-8707 #2400        "Big Bang Burger Bar"

.